Rudisill Toni Marie
Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, PO BOX 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect. 2020 Jul;6. doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2020.100140. Epub 2020 Jun 13.
Even though numerous types of cellphone use while driving (CPWD) laws have been passed in the United States, it does not appear that these laws are heavily enforced by police. Two studies conducted among officers from West Virginia and Washington states found that numerous barriers to CPWD enforcement exist. However, no studies have investigated whether barriers to enforcement exist for officers nationally. The purpose of this study was to design a national survey of police regarding the enforcement of CPWD laws and to assess the survey's reliability. The survey was designed based on the existing literature, cognitive tested, and assessed for face validity among experts. Officers were recruited via convenience sampling to assess the survey for test-retest correlation, test-retest agreement, and internal consistency reliability using standardized Cronbach's α and weighted Kappa statistics. Among participants, the test-retest correlations for most sections of the survey showed acceptable correlation (Cronbach α's > 0.7) (N = 6). For test-retest agreement, the median Kappa equaled 0.77 (N = 6). As for internal consistency reliability, responses thought to be associated showed acceptable correlation with Cronbach α ranging from 0.41 to 0.94 (N = 353). Despite the limited number of officers that participated in test-retest correlation and agreement, the survey appeared quite reliable.
尽管美国已经通过了多种关于驾车时使用手机（CPWD）的法律，但这些法律似乎并未得到警方的严格执行。在西弗吉尼亚州和华盛顿州的警察中进行的两项研究发现，CPWD执法存在诸多障碍。然而，尚无研究调查全国范围内的警察是否存在执法障碍。本研究的目的是设计一项针对警察的关于CPWD法律执行情况的全国性调查，并评估该调查的可靠性。该调查是基于现有文献设计的，经过了认知测试，并在专家中评估了表面效度。通过便利抽样招募警察，使用标准化的克朗巴哈α系数和加权卡帕统计量来评估调查的重测相关性、重测一致性和内部一致性可靠性。在参与者中，调查大多数部分的重测相关性显示出可接受的相关性（克朗巴哈α系数>0.7）（N = 6）。对于重测一致性，中位数卡帕系数等于0.77（N = 6）。至于内部一致性可靠性，被认为相关的回答与克朗巴哈α系数的相关性在0.41至0.94之间显示出可接受的相关性（N = 353）。尽管参与重测相关性和一致性的警察数量有限，但该调查似乎相当可靠。
