Bergmark Regan W, Gliklich Emily, Guo Rong, Gliklich Richard E
Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Inj Epidemiol. 2016 Dec;3(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s40621-016-0073-8. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Texting while driving and other cell-phone reading and writing activities are high-risk activities associated with motor vehicle collisions and mortality. This paper describes the development and preliminary evaluation of the Distracted Driving Survey (DDS) and score.
Survey questions were developed by a research team using semi-structured interviews, pilot-tested, and evaluated in young drivers for validity and reliability. Questions focused on texting while driving and use of email, social media, and maps on cellular phones with specific questions about the driving speeds at which these activities are performed.
In 228 drivers 18-24 years old, the DDS showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and correlations with reported 12-month crash rates. The score is reported on a 0-44 scale with 44 being highest risk behaviors. For every 1 unit increase of the DDS score, the odds of reporting a car crash increases 7 %. The survey can be completed in two minutes, or less than five minutes if demographic and background information is included. Text messaging was common; 59.2 and 71.5 % of respondents said they wrote and read text messages, respectively, while driving in the last 30 days.
The DDS is an 11-item scale that measures cell phone-related distracted driving risk and includes reading/viewing and writing subscores. The scale demonstrated strong validity and reliability in drivers age 24 and younger. The DDS may be useful for measuring rates of cell-phone related distracted driving and for evaluating public health interventions focused on reducing such behaviors.
开车时发短信以及其他使用手机阅读和写作的活动都是与机动车碰撞及死亡相关的高风险活动。本文描述了分心驾驶调查（DDS）及其评分的开发和初步评估。
一个研究团队通过半结构化访谈开发了调查问卷，进行了预测试，并在年轻驾驶员中评估其有效性和可靠性。问题聚焦于开车时发短信以及使用手机收发电子邮件、使用社交媒体和地图，还有关于进行这些活动时的驾驶速度的具体问题。
在228名18至24岁的驾驶员中，DDS显示出极佳的内部一致性（克朗巴哈系数α = 0.93），并且与报告的12个月碰撞率相关。评分范围是0至44分，44分表示最高风险行为。DDS评分每增加1分，报告发生车祸的几率就增加7%。该调查可在两分钟内完成，如果包含人口统计学和背景信息则不到五分钟。发短信很常见；在过去30天内，分别有59.2%和71.5%的受访者表示他们开车时会写和读短信。
DDS是一个包含11个条目的量表，用于测量与手机相关的分心驾驶风险，包括阅读/查看和写作子评分。该量表在24岁及以下的驾驶员中显示出很强的有效性和可靠性。DDS可能有助于测量与手机相关的分心驾驶发生率，并评估旨在减少此类行为的公共卫生干预措施。
