School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Nutr Rev. 2022 Feb 10;80(3):513-524. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab038.
Lutein and zeaxanthin (L/Z), xanthophylls obtained from the diet, are deposited in the macula of the eye. The macular concentration of L/Z is quantifiable as macular pigment optical density (MPOD). The aim of this review was to critically appraise the effect on MPOD of increasing L/Z intake by dietary intervention in adults. Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Cinahl were searched up to April 2020. Ten studies investigating populations with and without age-related macular degeneration were included. MPOD increased significantly in 2 of the 8 controlled studies. Studies varied largely in the prescribed dietary L/Z dosage, duration, and participant characteristics. No relationships between types of dietary L/Z interventions and MPOD response could be determined. Limited monitoring of habitual dietary L/Z intake was identified as a major limitation of all 10 studies. Habitual dietary L/Z intake should be closely monitored in future studies to account for their effects on MPOD response to dietary L/Z interventions.
叶黄素和玉米黄质（L/Z）是从饮食中获得的类胡萝卜素，会沉积在眼睛的黄斑区。黄斑区 L/Z 的浓度可以通过黄斑色素光学密度（MPOD）来量化。本综述的目的是批判性地评估通过饮食干预增加成年人 L/Z 摄入量对 MPOD 的影响。截至 2020 年 4 月，检索了 Pubmed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 和 Cinahl。共纳入了 10 项研究，涉及有和没有年龄相关性黄斑变性的人群。在 8 项对照研究中，有 2 项研究显示 MPOD 显著增加。研究在规定的饮食 L/Z 剂量、持续时间和参与者特征方面差异很大。无法确定不同类型的饮食 L/Z 干预与 MPOD 反应之间的关系。所有 10 项研究都存在一个主要局限性，即对习惯性饮食 L/Z 摄入量的监测有限。在未来的研究中，应密切监测习惯性饮食 L/Z 摄入量，以说明其对饮食 L/Z 干预对 MPOD 反应的影响。
