Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Biochemistry and Physiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University Campus, Konya, Turkey.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Oct;156:112446. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112446. Epub 2021 Jul 30.
The genus Acacia (Family Leguminosae) is composed of several medicinal plants used for treating miscellaneous diseases. Amid the important members of this genus, A. nilotica and A. ataxacantha are widely employed for their tremendous healing properties. Hence, this present work aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and investigate the antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-enzyme and antimicrobial potentials of methanolic and water extracts of leaves and stem bark of A. nilotica and A. ataxacantha obtained by maceration and ultrasonication. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were obtained in the range of 33.35-116.60 mg GAE/g and 0.26-49.90 mg RE/g, respectively, with the methanolic leaf extracts of both species showing the highest contents. Moreover, the methanolic extracts were observed to display higher antioxidant potentials in almost all antioxidant assays performed compared to the water extracts (ABTS: 52.66-943.81 mg TE/g, DPPH: 8.51-493.90 mg TE/g, CUPRAC: 106.39-1193.75 mg TE/g; FRAP: 31.38-416.21 mg TE/g, and phosphomolybdenum: 0.90-4.17 mM TE/g). However, the water extracts were seen to be better metal chelators than the methanolic extracts (8.47-36.85 mg EDTAE/g). Additionally, all extracts were found to exhibit anti-tyrosinase (30.79-74.80 mg KAE/g) and anti-amylase (0.10-1.10 mM ACAE/g) properties. With the exception of a few extracts, glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitions (1.69-2.12 mg ACAE/g and 0.42-2.61 mg GALAE/g, respectively) were also demonstrated. While the methanolic extracts of both species showed antimicrobial potency against all the 18 tested microorganisms (gram positive, gram negative, and fungi), the water extracts were effective only against the gram positive bacteria. The extracts were also found to exhibit antiproliferative effects on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, with the methanolic extracts showing higher cytotoxic potential than the water extracts. Therefore, this study showed these species to be good sources of antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors, antimicrobials and antiproliferative agents, which could be of great interest for their applications as natural bioactive ingredients in the development of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
金合欢属（豆科）由多种用于治疗各种疾病的药用植物组成。在该属的重要成员中，A. nilotica 和 A. ataxacantha 因其巨大的治疗特性而被广泛使用。因此，本研究旨在确定金合欢属叶和茎皮的甲醇和水提取物的总酚和类黄酮含量，并研究其抗氧化、抗增殖、抗酶和抗菌潜力，这些提取物是通过浸提和超声提取获得的。总酚和类黄酮含量分别在 33.35-116.60 mg GAE/g 和 0.26-49.90 mg RE/g 范围内，两种植物的甲醇叶提取物含量最高。此外，与水提取物相比（ABTS：52.66-943.81 mg TE/g，DPPH：8.51-493.90 mg TE/g，CUPRAC：106.39-1193.75 mg TE/g；FRAP：31.38-416.21 mg TE/g，和磷钼酸盐：0.90-4.17 mM TE/g），甲醇提取物在几乎所有进行的抗氧化测定中均表现出更高的抗氧化潜力。然而，水提取物被发现比甲醇提取物更能螯合金属（8.47-36.85 mg EDTAE/g）。此外，所有提取物均表现出抑制酪氨酸酶（30.79-74.80 mg KAE/g）和抑制淀粉酶（0.10-1.10 mM ACAE/g）的活性。除了少数提取物外，还证明了葡萄糖苷酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用（1.69-2.12 mg ACAE/g 和 0.42-2.61 mg GALAE/g）。尽管两种植物的甲醇提取物对所有 18 种测试的微生物（革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌）均表现出抗菌活性，但水提取物仅对革兰氏阳性菌有效。提取物还被发现对 SH-SY5Y 人神经母细胞瘤细胞具有抗增殖作用，甲醇提取物的细胞毒性比水提取物更高。因此，本研究表明这些植物是抗氧化剂、酶抑制剂、抗菌剂和抗增殖剂的良好来源，它们作为天然生物活性成分在药物和营养保健品开发中的应用可能具有重要意义。
