气候变化对生物多样性丧失的影响:全球证据

Impact of climate change on biodiversity loss: global evidence.

作者信息

Habibullah Muzafar Shah, Din Badariah Haji, Tan Siow-Hooi, Zahid Hasan

机构信息

Putra Business School, Serdang, Malaysia.

College of Law, Government and International Studies, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Changlun, Malaysia.

出版信息

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jan;29(1):1073-1086. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-15702-8. Epub 2021 Aug 3.

Abstract

The present study investigates the impact of climate change on biodiversity loss using global data consisting of 115 countries. In this study, we measure biodiversity loss using data on the total number of threatened species of amphibians, birds, fishes, mammals, mollusks, plants, and reptiles. The data were compiled from the Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). For climate change variables, we have included temperature, precipitation, and the number of natural disaster occurrences. As for the control variable, we have considered governance indicator and the level of economic development. By employing ordinary least square with robust standard error and robust regression (M-estimation), our results suggest that all three climate change variables - temperature, precipitation, and the number of natural disasters occurrences - increase biodiversity loss. Higher economic development also impacted biodiversity loss positively. On the other hand, good governance such as the control of corruption, regulatory quality, and rule of law reduces biodiversity loss. Thus, practicing good governance, promoting conservation of the environment, and the control of greenhouse gasses would able to mitigate biodiversity loss.

摘要

本研究利用包含115个国家的全球数据,调查气候变化对生物多样性丧失的影响。在本研究中,我们使用两栖动物、鸟类、鱼类、哺乳动物、软体动物、植物和爬行动物受威胁物种总数的数据来衡量生物多样性丧失。这些数据是根据国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)发布的红色名录汇编而成的。对于气候变化变量,我们纳入了温度、降水量和自然灾害发生次数。至于控制变量,我们考虑了治理指标和经济发展水平。通过采用具有稳健标准误差的普通最小二乘法和稳健回归(M估计),我们的结果表明,所有三个气候变化变量——温度、降水量和自然灾害发生次数——都会增加生物多样性丧失。较高的经济发展也对生物多样性丧失产生了积极影响。另一方面,良好的治理,如控制腐败、监管质量和法治,会减少生物多样性丧失。因此,实行良好治理、促进环境保护和控制温室气体将能够减轻生物多样性丧失。

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