Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Subst Abus. 2022;43(1):194-203. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1913696. Epub 2021 Aug 3.
National studies often examine associations between sexual identity and substance use at a single point in time and neglect to examine whether these associations change over time. The present study examines U.S. trends in the past-year prevalence of binge drinking, marijuana use, illicit drug use, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups (gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual). The data come from four independent, cross-sectional samples measured by the National Survey of Family Growth (2006-2010, 2011-2013, 2013-2015, and 2015-2017). Based on the consistency in the sampling procedures used over time, merging the four data sets was possible. The target population is men and women 15-44 years of age. Lesbian women had the sharpest decline in past-year binge drinking over time, followed by heterosexual women. The prevalence of binge drinking for bisexual women did not change significantly over time and was higher in 2015-2017 than for any sexual identity subgroup. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of binge drinking among men by sexual identity subgroup. Past-year abstinence from substance use was consistently lower among lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual women relative to other sexual identity subgroups. Polysubstance use was consistently more prevalent among bisexual women (e.g., 32.3% in 2015-2017) as compared to other sexual identity subgroups. This is the first study to examine U.S. national trends in alcohol, marijuana, illicit drug, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups, and demonstrates that sexual identity subgroup differences were robust with relatively few changes in trends over time. The consistently high rates of binge drinking and polysubstance use among bisexual women deserve much closer attention based on the related health consequences.
全国性研究通常在单一时间点检查性身份与物质使用之间的关联，而忽略了检查这些关联是否随时间变化。本研究检查了美国过去一年中同性恋、女同性恋、双性恋和异性恋性身份亚组中狂欢饮酒、大麻使用、非法药物使用和多种物质使用的流行率趋势。数据来自四次独立的、通过国家家庭增长调查（2006-2010、2011-2013、2013-2015 和 2015-2017）进行的横断面样本。基于过去时间内使用的抽样程序的一致性，合并这四个数据集是可能的。目标人群是 15-44 岁的男性和女性。女同性恋者过去一年狂欢饮酒的下降幅度最大，其次是异性恋女性。双性恋女性狂欢饮酒的流行率随时间没有显著变化，并且在 2015-2017 年高于任何性身份亚组。相比之下，不同性身份亚组的男性狂欢饮酒的流行率没有显著差异。过去一年物质使用的禁欲率在女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋女性中始终低于其他性身份亚组。双性恋女性的多种物质使用始终更为普遍（例如，2015-2017 年为 32.3%），与其他性身份亚组相比。这是第一项检查美国不同性身份亚组之间酒精、大麻、非法药物和多种物质使用的全国性趋势的研究，并且表明性身份亚组差异具有很强的稳健性，随着时间的推移趋势变化相对较少。双性恋女性狂欢饮酒和多种物质使用的率始终很高，这值得根据相关健康后果密切关注。
