Zhu Xueliang, Bi Zhichao, Yang Chen, Guo Yanhui, Yuan Jieli, Li Longjie, Guo Yanjie
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Food Nutr Res. 2021 Jul 8;65. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v65.6263. eCollection 2021.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play beneficial roles in metabolism and health. Little is known about the effects of different doses of omega-3 PUFAs on gut microbiota.
In this study, we focus on the effects of different doses of omega-3 PUFAs on gut microbiota and immunity.
BALB/c mice was first treated with ceftriaxone sodium for 7 days, and then they received saline or different doses of omega-3 PUFAs (30, 60 and 90 mg omega-3 PUFAs) via daily gavage for 21 days. Alterations of cecum microbiota; the tight junction proteins, zonula occludens 3 (ZO3) and occludin, in the ileal wall; serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS); Interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Tumour Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) ; mucus SIgA levels were measured.
Compared with the ceftriaxone sodium administration group, significant increases in bacterial richness and diversity were observed in the 60- and 90-mg omega-3 PUFA groups, while only a slight increase was observed in the 30-mg omega-3 PUFA group. A higher percentage of several genera, including , and , and a lower percentage of , and were observed in the 60- and 90-mg omega-3 PUFA groups when compared with those in the 30-mg group. The expression of ZO3 and occludin proteins increased in 60- and 90-mg omega-3 PUFA groups compared with the natural recovery group. The mucus SIgA and serum IL-10 levels were increased, and serum levels of LPS, IL-1β, and TNF-α were decreased in the 60- and 90-mg omega-3 PUFA groups when compared with those in the ceftriaxone sodium-treated group.
Different doses of omega-3 PUFAs have different therapeutic effects on the intestinal microbiota. The 60- and 90-mg omega-3 PUFA supplementation had better recovery effects on the gut microbiota and immunity than those of the 30 mg omega-3 PUFAs supplementation.
ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）在新陈代谢和健康方面发挥着有益作用。关于不同剂量的ω-3 PUFAs对肠道微生物群的影响，人们了解甚少。
在本研究中，我们关注不同剂量的ω-3 PUFAs对肠道微生物群和免疫力的影响。
首先用头孢曲松钠治疗BALB/c小鼠7天，然后通过每日灌胃给予生理盐水或不同剂量的ω-3 PUFAs（30、60和90毫克ω-3 PUFAs），持续21天。检测盲肠微生物群的变化；回肠壁紧密连接蛋白小带闭合蛋白3（ZO3）和闭合蛋白；血清脂多糖（LPS）；白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）；黏液SIgA水平。
与头孢曲松钠给药组相比，60毫克和90毫克ω-3 PUFA组细菌丰富度和多样性显著增加，而30毫克ω-3 PUFA组仅略有增加。与30毫克组相比，60毫克和90毫克ω-3 PUFA组中包括[具体菌属未给出]、[具体菌属未给出]和[具体菌属未给出]等几个菌属的百分比更高，而[具体菌属未给出]、[具体菌属未给出]和[具体菌属未给出]的百分比更低。与自然恢复组相比，60毫克和90毫克ω-3 PUFA组中ZO3和闭合蛋白的表达增加。与头孢曲松钠治疗组相比，60毫克和90毫克ω-3 PUFA组中黏液SIgA和血清IL-10水平升高，血清LPS、IL-1β和TNF-α水平降低。
不同剂量的ω-3 PUFAs对肠道微生物群有不同的治疗效果。补充60毫克和90毫克ω-3 PUFAs对肠道微生物群和免疫力的恢复效果优于补充30毫克ω-3 PUFAs。
