AlJindan Reem, AlEraky Doaa M, Borgio J Francis, AbdulAzeez Sayed, Abdalhamid Baha, Mahmoud Nehal, Farhat Maha
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biomedical Dental Science, Microbiology and Immunology Division, Collage of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Aug;28(8):4472-4477. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.044. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
infection (CDI) has become a threatening public health problem in the developed world. In the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, prevalence of CDI is still unknown due to limited surveillance protocols and diagnostic resources. We used a two-step procedure to study and confirm cases. We also studied toxin profiles of these isolates. Stool samples were collected from symptomatic patients and clinically suspected of CDI for almost 12 months. Isolates were confirmed by culture method followed by sequencing. Multiplex PCR was performed for the identification of toxin A, toxin B and binary toxin genes and compared to Gene Expert results. Out of the 47 collected samples, 27 were successfully grown on culture media. 18 samples were confirmed as by both culture and sequencing. Interestingly, the rest of the isolates (9 species) belonged to different genera. Our results showed 95% of samples were positive for both toxin A and B () and all samples exhibited the toxin gene regulator . All samples were confirmed negative for the binary toxin gene and 11% of the isolates were positive for gene. Interestingly, one isolate harbored the binary toxin gene ( ) and tested negative for both toxins A and B. We believe that combining the standard culture method with molecular techniques can make the detection of more accurate.
艰难梭菌感染（CDI）在发达国家已成为一个具有威胁性的公共卫生问题。在沙特阿拉伯王国，由于监测方案和诊断资源有限，CDI的患病率仍然未知。我们采用两步法来研究和确诊病例。我们还研究了这些分离株的毒素谱。从有症状且临床怀疑为CDI的患者中收集粪便样本，时间长达近12个月。通过培养方法继以测序来确认分离株。进行多重PCR以鉴定毒素A、毒素B和二元毒素基因，并与基因专家检测结果进行比较。在收集的47个样本中，有27个在培养基上成功培养。18个样本通过培养和测序均被确认为艰难梭菌。有趣的是，其余的分离株（9种）属于不同的属。我们的结果显示，95%的样本毒素A和B均呈阳性（毒素A阳性且毒素B阳性），所有样本均表现出毒素基因调节因子。所有样本二元毒素基因均被确认为阴性，11%的分离株毒素A基因呈阳性。有趣的是，一株分离株携带二元毒素基因（毒素A阴性且毒素B阴性），且毒素A和B检测均为阴性。我们认为，将标准培养方法与分子技术相结合可使艰难梭菌的检测更加准确。
