团队护理与授权的综合回顾：对 COVID-19 期间护士人员配置的启示。
An Integrative Review of Team Nursing and Delegation: Implications for Nurse Staffing during COVID-19.
机构信息
Helene Fuld Health Trust National Institute for Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
出版信息
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2021 Aug;18(4):251-260. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12523.
BACKGROUND
During the COVID-19 pandemic, providing care for critically ill patients has been challenging due to the limited number of skilled nurses, rapid transmission of the virus, and increased patient acuity in relation to the virus. These factors have led to the implementation of team nursing as a model of nursing care out of necessity for resource allocation. Nurses can use prior evidence to inform the model of nursing care and reimagine patient care responsibilities during a crisis.
PURPOSE
To review the evidence for team nursing as a model of patient care and delegation and determine how it affects patient, nurse, and organizational outcomes.
METHODS
We conducted an integrative review of team nursing and delegation using Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) methodology.
RESULTS
We identified 22 team nursing articles, 21 delegation articles, and two papers about U.S. nursing laws and scopes of practice for delegation. Overall, team nursing had varied effects on patient, nursing, and organizational outcomes compared with other nursing care models. Education regarding delegation is critical for team nursing, and evidence indicates that it improves nurses' delegation knowledge, decision-making, and competency.
LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION
Team nursing had both positive and negative outcomes for patients, nurses, and the organization. Delegation education improved team nursing care.
背景
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，由于熟练护士人数有限、病毒快速传播以及与病毒相关的患者病情加重，为危重症患者提供护理极具挑战性。这些因素导致团队护理作为一种护理模式被强制实施，以进行资源分配。护士可以利用先前的证据为护理模式提供信息，并在危机期间重新设想患者护理责任。
目的
回顾团队护理作为一种患者护理和委托模式的证据，并确定其如何影响患者、护士和组织的结果。
方法
我们使用 Whittemore 和 Knafl（2005）的方法对团队护理和委托进行了综合回顾。
结果
我们确定了 22 篇关于团队护理的文章、21 篇关于委托的文章以及两篇关于美国护理法和委托范围的论文。总体而言，与其他护理模式相比，团队护理对患者、护理和组织结果的影响各不相同。关于委托的教育对团队护理至关重要，有证据表明它可以提高护士的委托知识、决策能力和能力。
将证据付诸行动
团队护理对患者、护士和组织都有积极和消极的结果。委托教育改善了团队护理。
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