Kim Kyungtae, Hur Junhyeok, Huh SeungJung, Choi Soonwon, Choi Jae-Yoon
Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2021 Jul 23;127(4):043401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.043401.
We report the observation of matter-wave jet emission in a strongly ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate of ^{7}Li atoms. Directional atomic beams with |F=1,m_{F}=1⟩ and |F=1,m_{F}=-1⟩ spin states are generated from |F=1,m_{F}=0⟩ state condensates or vice versa. This results from collective spin-mixing scattering events, where spontaneously produced pairs of atoms with opposite momentum facilitates additional spin-mixing collisions as they pass through the condensates. The matter-wave jets of different spin states (|F=1,m_{F}=±1⟩) can be a macroscopic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state with spacelike separation. Its spin-momentum correlations are studied by using the angular correlation function for each spin state. Rotating the spin axis, the inter- and intraspin-momentum correlation peaks display a high-contrast oscillation, indicating collective coherence of the atomic ensembles. We provide numerical calculations that describe the experimental results at a quantitative level. Our Letter paves the way to generating macroscopic quantum entanglement with the spin and motional degree of freedom with massive particles. It has a wide range of applications from quantum information science to the fundamental studies of quantum entanglement.
我们报告了在强铁磁自旋玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚的(^{7}Li)原子中对物质波喷流发射的观测。具有(|F = 1, m_{F} = 1\rangle)和(|F = 1, m_{F} = -1\rangle)自旋态的定向原子束由(|F = 1, m_{F} = 0\rangle)态凝聚体产生,反之亦然。这是由集体自旋混合散射事件导致的,其中自发产生的具有相反动量的原子对在穿过凝聚体时促进了额外的自旋混合碰撞。不同自旋态((|F = 1, m_{F} = \pm1\rangle))的物质波喷流可以是具有类空分离的宏观爱因斯坦 - 波多尔斯基 - 罗森态。通过使用每个自旋态的角关联函数来研究其自旋 - 动量关联。旋转自旋轴,自旋间和自旋内动量关联峰呈现出高对比度振荡,表明原子系综的集体相干性。我们提供了在定量水平上描述实验结果的数值计算。我们的论文为利用大质量粒子的自旋和运动自由度产生宏观量子纠缠铺平了道路。它在从量子信息科学到量子纠缠的基础研究等广泛领域都有应用。