Gaye Papa Mouhamadou, Doucoure Souleymane, Senghor Bruno, Faye Babacar, Goumballa Ndiaw, Sembène Mbacké, L'Ollivier Coralie, Parola Philippe, Ranque Stéphane, Sow Doudou, Sokhna Cheikh
Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France.
VITROME, Campus International IRD-UCAD de l'IRD, 1386 Dakar, Senegal.
Pathogens. 2021 Jul 8;10(7):860. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070860.
Thorough knowledge of the dynamics of spp. infestation could help to control the spread of schistosomiasis. This study describes the spatio-temporal dynamics of and infestation by the group of blood flukes in Niakhar, Senegal. Molecular identification of the group was performed by real-time PCR, targeting the Dra 1 gene in 810 samples of spp. collected during the schistosomiasis transmission season in 2013. In addition to Dra 1 PCR, a rapid diagnostic-PCR was performed on a sub-group of 43 snails to discriminate , , and Out of 810 snails, 236 (29.1%) were positive for Dra 1 based on the PCR, including 96.2% and 3.8% of and respectively. Among the sub-group, 16 samples were confirmed to be while one was identified as a mixture of and . Snails infestations were detected in all villages sampled and infestation rates ranged from 15.38% to 42.11%. The prevalence of infestation was higher in the north (33.47%) compared to the south (25.74%). Snail populations infestations appear early in the rainy season, with a peak in the middle of the season, and then a decline towards the end of the rainy season. Molecular techniques showed, for the first time, the presence of in the spp. population of Niakhar. The heterogeneity of snail infestations at the village level must be taken into account in mass treatment strategies. Further studies should help to improve the characterizations of the schistosome population.
深入了解钉螺感染的动态变化有助于控制血吸虫病的传播。本研究描述了塞内加尔尼亚喀尔地区血吸虫组对钉螺感染的时空动态。通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）对血吸虫组进行分子鉴定，以2013年血吸虫病传播季节采集的810份钉螺样本中的Dra 1基因为靶点。除了Dra 1 PCR外，还对43只钉螺的一个亚组进行了快速诊断PCR，以区分埃及血吸虫、曼氏血吸虫和间插血吸虫。在810只钉螺中，基于PCR检测，有236只（29.1%）Dra 1呈阳性，其中埃及血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫分别占96.2%和3.8%。在该亚组中，16个样本被确认为埃及血吸虫，而1个样本被鉴定为埃及血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫的混合感染。在所有采样村庄均检测到钉螺感染，感染率在15.38%至42.11%之间。北部的感染率（33.47%）高于南部（25.74%）。钉螺种群感染在雨季早期出现，在雨季中期达到高峰，然后在雨季结束时下降。分子技术首次在尼亚喀尔的钉螺种群中检测到间插血吸虫的存在。在大规模治疗策略中必须考虑村庄层面钉螺感染的异质性。进一步的研究应有助于改善血吸虫种群的特征描述。
