Vogel Verena, Spellerberg Barbara
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Pathogens. 2021 Jul 9;10(7):867. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070867.
Beta-hemolytic streptococci cause a variety of infectious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. A key factor for successful infection is host colonization, which can be difficult in a multispecies environment. Secreting bacteriocins can be beneficial during this process. Bacteriocins are small, ribosomally produced, antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of other, typically closely related, bacteria. In this systematic review, bacteriocin production and regulation of beta-hemolytic streptococci was surveyed. While produces eight different bacteriocins (Streptococcin A-FF22/A-M49, Streptin, Salivaricin A, SpbMN, Blp1, Blp2, Streptococcin A-M57), only one bacteriocin of (Agalacticin = Nisin P) and one of subsp. (Dysgalacticin) has been described. Expression of class I bacteriocins is regulated by a two-component system, typically with autoinduction by the bacteriocin itself. In contrast, a separate quorum sensing system regulates expression of class II bacteriocins. Both identified class III bacteriocins are plasmid-encoded and regulation has not been elucidated.
β-溶血性链球菌可引发多种具有高发病率和死亡率的传染病。成功感染的一个关键因素是宿主定殖，而在多物种环境中这可能具有挑战性。在此过程中分泌细菌素可能会有所帮助。细菌素是由细菌产生的核糖体合成的小抗菌肽，用于抑制其他通常密切相关细菌的生长。在本系统综述中，对β-溶血性链球菌的细菌素产生和调控进行了调查。虽然[具体菌种1]产生八种不同的细菌素（链球菌素A-FF22/A-M49、链菌素、唾液乳杆菌素A、SpbMN、Blp1、Blp2、链球菌素A-M57），但[具体菌种2]仅有一种细菌素（无乳链球菌素=Nisin P），[具体菌种3]亚种仅有一种细菌素（嗜麦芽糖溶血素）被描述过。I类细菌素的表达由双组分系统调控，通常由细菌素自身进行自诱导。相比之下，一个独立的群体感应系统调控II类细菌素的表达。已鉴定的两种III类细菌素均由质粒编码，其调控机制尚未阐明。
