Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 23;18(15):7832. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157832.
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to painful cramps before and/or during menstruation. There is a need for emphasis on alternative methods of conservative treatment, so as to reduce the dependence on drugs for alleviating the symptoms. The aim was to find out the effectiveness of some physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of PD. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA standards. The descriptors were "dysmenorrhea", "physical the-rapy", "physiotherapy", and "manual therapy". The search was performed in five databases: Scopus, PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, and Medline, in February 2021. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials over the last six years. Articles not related to the treatment of PD or using pharmacology as the main treatment were excluded. Nine articles met the objectives and criteria, with a total of 692 participants. The most used scale to measure pain was the VAS (visual analogue scale). The main techniques were isometric exercises, massage therapy, yoga, electrotherapy, connective tissue manipulation, stretching, kinesio tape, progressive relaxation exercises and aerobic dance. Meta-analysis shows benefits of physiotherapy treatment for pain relief compared with no intervention or placebo (MD: -1.13, 95% CI: -1.61 to -0.64, I: 88%). The current low-quality evidence suggests that physiotherapy may provide a clinically significant reduction in menstrual pain intensity. Given the overall health benefits of physiotherapy and the low risk of side effects reported, women may consider using it, either alone or in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.
原发性痛经（PD）是指月经前和/或月经期间的疼痛性痉挛。需要强调替代的保守治疗方法，以减少对药物缓解症状的依赖。目的是探讨一些物理治疗技术治疗 PD 的有效性。根据 PRISMA 标准进行系统评价和荟萃分析。检索词为“痛经”、“物理疗法”、“理疗”和“手法治疗”。在 2021 年 2 月，在五个数据库中进行了搜索：Scopus、PubMed、PEDro、Web of Science 和 Medline。纳入标准为过去六年的随机对照试验。排除与 PD 治疗无关或主要使用药理学作为主要治疗的文章。有 9 篇文章符合目标和标准，共有 692 名参与者。用于测量疼痛的最常用量表是 VAS（视觉模拟量表）。主要技术包括等长运动、按摩疗法、瑜伽、电疗、结缔组织手法、伸展运动、肌内效贴、渐进性放松运动和有氧舞蹈。荟萃分析显示，与无干预或安慰剂相比，物理治疗对缓解疼痛有好处（MD：-1.13，95%CI：-1.61 至-0.64，I：88%）。目前低质量证据表明，物理治疗可能会显著减轻月经疼痛强度。鉴于物理治疗的整体健康益处和报告的副作用风险低，女性可以考虑单独使用或与其他治疗方式联合使用。
