Caviglia Gian Paolo, Martini Giorgio, Armandi Angelo, Rosso Chiara, Vernero Marta, Bugianesi Elisabetta, Astegiano Marco, Saracco Giorgio Maria, Ribaldone Davide Giuseppe
Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 23;10(15):3257. doi: 10.3390/jcm10153257.
Extraintestinal cancers are important complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A limited number of publications are available regarding the association between IBD and urothelial cancer. The primary outcome of our study was the comparison of the prevalence of urothelial cancer in patients with IBD with respect to the prevalence in the general population. Secondary outcomes were the assessment of risk factors for the onset of urothelial cancer in IBD. In a retrospective study we examined the medical records of all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD followed in our clinic between 1978 and 2021. For each of the patients with identified urothelial cancer, more than ten patients without cancer were analyzed. Furthermore, 5739 patients with IBD were analyzed and 24 patients diagnosed with urothelial cancer were identified. The incidence of urothelial cancer, compared with the incidence in the general population, was not significantly different (0.42% vs. 0.42%; = 0.98). Twenty-three cases were then compared (1 case was discarded due to lack of follow-up data) against 250 controls. During the multivariate analysis, smoking (odds ratio, OR = 8.15; 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.76-37.63; = 0.007) and male sex (OR = 4.04; 95% CI = 1.29-12.66; = 0.016) were found as risk factors. In conclusion, patients with IBD have a similar risk of developing urothelial cancer compared to the general population, but males with a history of smoking are at increased risk.
肠外癌症是炎症性肠病（IBD）患者的重要并发症。关于IBD与尿路上皮癌之间关联的出版物数量有限。我们研究的主要结果是比较IBD患者中尿路上皮癌的患病率与普通人群中的患病率。次要结果是评估IBD中尿路上皮癌发病的危险因素。在一项回顾性研究中，我们检查了1978年至2021年期间在我们诊所确诊为IBD的所有患者的病历。对于每例确诊为尿路上皮癌的患者，分析了十多例无癌症的患者。此外，分析了5739例IBD患者，确定了24例诊断为尿路上皮癌的患者。与普通人群中的发病率相比，尿路上皮癌的发病率无显著差异（0.42%对0.42%；P = 0.98）。然后将23例病例（1例因缺乏随访数据而被剔除）与250例对照进行比较。在多变量分析中，发现吸烟（比值比，OR = 8.15；95%置信区间，CI = 1.76 - 37.63；P = 0.007）和男性（OR = 4.04；95%CI = 1.29 - 12.66；P = 0.016）是危险因素。总之，与普通人群相比，IBD患者发生尿路上皮癌的风险相似，但有吸烟史的男性风险增加。
