Das Abhijit K, Gowda Munegowda M, Muthusamy Vignesh, Zunjare Rajkumar U, Chauhan Hema S, Baveja Aanchal, Bhatt Vinay, Chand Gulab, Bhat Jayant S, Guleria Satish K, Saha Supradip, Gupta Hari S, Hossain Firoz
Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
Division of Genetics, IARI-Regional Research Centre, Dharwad, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jul 21;12:659381. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.659381. eCollection 2021.
Malnutrition is a widespread problem that affects human health, society, and the economy. Traditional maize that serves as an important source of human nutrition is deficient in vitamin-E, vitamin-A, lysine, and tryptophan. Here, favorable alleles of (α), (β), ( ε), and () genes were combined in parental lines of four popular hybrids using marker-assisted selection (MAS). BCF, BCF, and BCF populations were genotyped using gene-based markers of , and . Background selection using 81-103 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers led to the recovery of recurrent parent genome (RPG) up to 95.45%. Alpha (α)-tocopherol was significantly enhanced among introgressed progenies (16.13 μg/g) as compared to original inbreds (7.90 μg/g). Provitamin-A (proA) (10.42 μg/g), lysine (0.352%), and tryptophan (0.086%) were also high in the introgressed progenies. The reconstituted hybrids showed a 2-fold enhancement in α-tocopherol (16.83 μg/g) over original hybrids (8.06 μg/g). Improved hybrids also possessed high proA (11.48 μg/g), lysine (0.367%), and tryptophan (0.084%) when compared with traditional hybrids. The reconstituted hybrids recorded the mean grain yield of 8,066 kg/ha, which was with original hybrids (mean: 7,846 kg/ha). The MAS-derived genotypes resembled their corresponding original hybrids for the majority of agronomic and yield-related traits, besides characteristics related to distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS). This is the first report for the development of maize with enhanced vitamin-E, vitamin-A, lysine, and tryptophan.
营养不良是一个影响人类健康、社会和经济的普遍问题。作为人类营养重要来源的传统玉米缺乏维生素E、维生素A、赖氨酸和色氨酸。在此，利用标记辅助选择（MAS）将（α）、（β）、（ε）和（）基因的有利等位基因组合到四个流行杂交种的亲本系中。使用基于、和基因的标记对BCF、BCF和BCF群体进行基因分型。使用81 - 103个简单序列重复（SSR）标记进行背景选择，使轮回亲本基因组（RPG）的恢复率高达95.45%。与原始自交系（7.90μg/g）相比，导入后代中的α - 生育酚显著提高（16.13μg/g）。导入后代中的维生素原A（proA）（10.42μg/g）、赖氨酸（0.352%）和色氨酸（0.086%）含量也很高。重组杂交种的α - 生育酚含量（16.83μg/g）比原始杂交种（8.06μg/g）提高了2倍。与传统杂交种相比，改良杂交种还具有较高的proA（11.48μg/g）、赖氨酸（0.367%）和色氨酸（0.084%）。重组杂交种的平均籽粒产量为8066kg/ha，与原始杂交种（平均：7846kg/ha）。除了与特异性、一致性和稳定性（DUS）相关的特征外，MAS衍生的基因型在大多数农艺和产量相关性状上与其相应的原始杂交种相似。这是关于培育具有增强维生素E、维生素A、赖氨酸和色氨酸的玉米的首次报道。
