Khan Sabiha, Suryavanshi Moushumi, Kaur Jasamrit, Nayak Debadatta, Khurana Anil, Manchanda Raj Kumar, Tandon Chanderdeep, Tandon Simran
Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi 110085, India.
World J Stem Cells. 2021 Jul 26;13(7):841-860. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.841.
As per the latest Globocan statistics, the high prevalence rate of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries has led to it becoming the most common cancer to be diagnosed, hence posing a major public health challenge. As per this data, more than 11.7% of the estimated new cancer cases in 2020 were due to breast cancer. A small but significant subpopulation of cells with self- renewing ability are present in the tumor stroma and have been given the nomenclature of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells display a high degree of plasticity owing to their ability to transition from the slowly cycling quiescent phase to the actively proliferating phenotype. This attribute of CSCs allows them to differentiate into various cell types having diverse functions. Breast CSCs have a pivotal role in development, metastasis, treatment resistance and relapse of breast cancers. This review focuses on the pathways regulating breast CSC maintenance and the current strategies that are being explored for directing the development of novel, targeted, therapeutic approaches for limiting and eradicating this aberrant stem cell population.
根据最新的全球癌症统计数据，低收入和中等收入国家乳腺癌的高患病率使其成为最常被诊断出的癌症，因此构成了重大的公共卫生挑战。根据这些数据，2020年估计的新增癌症病例中，超过11.7%是由乳腺癌导致的。肿瘤基质中存在一小部分但具有重要意义的具有自我更新能力的细胞亚群，它们被命名为癌症干细胞（CSCs）。这些细胞由于能够从缓慢循环的静止期转变为活跃增殖的表型，因而具有高度的可塑性。CSCs的这一特性使其能够分化为具有不同功能的各种细胞类型。乳腺CSCs在乳腺癌的发生、转移、治疗抵抗和复发中起关键作用。本综述重点关注调节乳腺CSC维持的信号通路以及目前正在探索的策略，这些策略旨在开发新的、靶向性的治疗方法，以限制和根除这种异常的干细胞群体。
