Du Hengzhi, Zhao Yanru, Li Huaping, Wang Dao Wen, Chen Chen
Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jul 22;8:716213. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.716213. eCollection 2021.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate in heart development and pathological processes mainly by silencing gene expression. Overwhelming evidence has suggested that miRNAs were involved in various cardiovascular pathological processes, including arrhythmias, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, dysregulation of angiogenesis, mitochondrial abnormalities, fibrosis, and maladaptive remodeling. Various miRNAs could regulate myocardial contractility, vascular proliferation, and mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, it was reported that miRNAs could manipulate nutrition metabolism, especially glucose and lipid metabolism, by regulating insulin signaling pathways, energy substrate transport/metabolism. Recently, increasing studies suggested that the abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism were closely associated with a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, maintaining glucose and lipid metabolism homeostasis in the heart might be beneficial to CVD patients. In this review, we summarized the present knowledge of the functions of miRNAs in regulating cardiac glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as highlighted the miRNA-based therapies targeting cardiac glucose and lipid metabolism.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，主要通过使基因表达沉默参与心脏发育和病理过程。大量证据表明，miRNA参与了各种心血管病理过程，包括心律失常、缺血再灌注损伤、血管生成失调、线粒体异常、纤维化和适应性不良重塑。多种miRNA可调节心肌收缩力、血管增殖和线粒体功能。同时，有报道称miRNA可通过调节胰岛素信号通路、能量底物转运/代谢来调控营养代谢，尤其是葡萄糖和脂质代谢。最近，越来越多的研究表明，异常的葡萄糖和脂质代谢与多种心血管疾病（CVD）密切相关。因此，维持心脏葡萄糖和脂质代谢的稳态可能对CVD患者有益。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于miRNA在调节心脏葡萄糖和脂质代谢方面功能的知识，并强调了针对心脏葡萄糖和脂质代谢的基于miRNA的治疗方法。
