Alhajri Ibrahim H, Taqvi Syed
Chemical Engineering Department, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, Shuwaikh 70654, Kuwait.
Chemical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
ACS Omega. 2021 Jul 21;6(30):19778-19788. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02461. eCollection 2021 Aug 3.
In this study, a model is developed to optimally integrate various energy generation technologies within a refinery to help reduce economic costs as well as mitigate carbon emissions. The combined heat and power system was found to reduce 80 Mton of CO emissions while saving $2.61 billion dollars over 30 years as opposed to utilizing boilers and grid-connected electricity. Maximum carbon emissions can be prevented by installing wind turbines to reduce further 49 Mton of carbon emissions, saving at an added cost of $53.4 million. Purchasing electricity completely from the grid was found to be the most expensive option, resulting in a monthly average of $25 million. Changes in various factors such as the land available for installation of technology, electricity tariffs, and efficiency of modules and their impacts on the total project costs and emissions were studied. It was found that solar photovoltaic (PV) modules can be a more economical and environmentally friendly option than wind technology if they were equally efficient. Moreover, grid-connected electricity would only be the most economical option if it were purchased at $0.03/kWh or lower. However, it is currently sold at close to $0.10/kWh, making CHP the most economic option for refineries.
在本研究中，开发了一个模型，以优化炼油厂内各种能源生产技术的整合，帮助降低经济成本并减少碳排放。与使用锅炉和并网电力相比，热电联产系统被发现可减少8000万吨的二氧化碳排放，同时在30年内节省26.1亿美元。通过安装风力涡轮机可进一步减少4900万吨的碳排放，从而防止最大量的碳排放，额外成本为5340万美元。完全从电网购买电力被发现是最昂贵的选择，每月平均成本为2500万美元。研究了各种因素的变化，如可用于技术安装的土地、电价以及模块效率及其对项目总成本和排放的影响。研究发现，如果太阳能光伏（PV）模块效率相同，那么它可能是比风力技术更经济、更环保的选择。此外，只有当并网电力的购买价格为0.03美元/千瓦时或更低时，它才会是最经济的选择。然而，目前其售价接近0.10美元/千瓦时，这使得热电联产成为炼油厂最经济的选择。
