Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
herz:bewegt - Praxis für Kardiologie und Sportmedizin, Bahnhofstraße 19, 94315, Straubing, Germany.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2021 Nov;29(11):3560-3568. doi: 10.1007/s00167-021-06684-8. Epub 2021 Aug 9.
Little is known about the consequences of injuries on professional male football players' career and retirement period. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of injuries that male professional football players endure during their career, reasons for the end of their career and the post-career phase of retirement.
In a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study, retired male professional football players of the German Bundesliga were investigated by a standardised questionnaire to analyse the history of injuries sustained during their professional football career, the reasons for ending their career, their current health status and their suggestions for future prevention strategies.
Most of the 116 analysed players (n = 73 (62.9%)) stated an injury as the reason for ending their professional career. Relevant injuries were mainly located in the lower extremities (n = 587 (61.3%)) with a focus on the knee (p < 0.001) and ankle (p < 0.001). A significant majority of the participants who had retired due to injury described degenerative symptoms, such as pain or instability, and were diagnosed with osteoarthritis after retirement (p < 0.001). These players had also often been affected by symptoms of depression during their career, which had decreased significantly after retirement. Moreover, players who had not retired due to injury had significantly better overall health status and quality of life after retirement.
Football-related injuries have a significant impact on the career end of professional male football players and their health status after retirement. Future prevention strategies need to particularly address injuries to the knees and ankles and to implement measures for preventing osteoarthritis after retirement.
Level III.
对于职业男性足球运动员在其职业生涯和退役期间所遭受的伤病后果，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在调查男性职业足球运动员在职业生涯中所遭受的伤病的影响、导致他们结束职业生涯的原因以及退役后的后职业生涯阶段。
在一项回顾性的横断面队列研究中，通过标准化问卷对德国德甲联赛的退役男性职业足球运动员进行了调查，以分析他们在职业足球生涯中所遭受的伤病史、结束职业生涯的原因、他们目前的健康状况以及他们对未来预防策略的建议。
在分析的 116 名球员中（n=73（62.9%））大多数人表示伤病是他们结束职业生涯的原因。相关伤病主要位于下肢（n=587（61.3%）），主要集中在膝盖（p<0.001）和脚踝（p<0.001）。因伤退役的绝大多数参与者都描述了退行性症状，如疼痛或不稳定，并在退役后被诊断为骨关节炎（p<0.001）。这些球员在职业生涯中也经常受到抑郁症状的影响，退役后这些症状明显减轻。此外，没有因伤退役的球员在退役后的整体健康状况和生活质量明显更好。
足球相关的伤病对职业男性足球运动员的职业生涯结束及其退役后的健康状况有重大影响。未来的预防策略需要特别针对膝盖和脚踝受伤，并实施预防退休后骨关节炎的措施。
三级。
