Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Trends Immunol. 2021 Sep;42(9):795-806. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2021.07.006. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
The tissue microenvironment is a major driver in imprinting tissue-specific macrophage functions in various mammalian tissues. As monocytes are recruited into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract at steady state and inflammation, they rapidly adopt a tissue-specific and distinct transcriptome. However, the GI tract varies significantly along its length, yet most studies of intestinal macrophages do not directly compare the phenotype and function of these macrophages in the small and large intestine, thus leading to disparities in data interpretations. This review highlights differences along the GI tract that are likely to influence macrophage function, with a specific focus on diet and microbiota. This analysis may fuel further investigation regarding the interplay between the intestinal immune system and GI tissue microenvironments, ideally providing unique therapeutic targets to modulate specific intestinal macrophage populations and/or functions.
组织微环境是在各种哺乳动物组织中为巨噬细胞赋予组织特异性功能的主要驱动力。在稳态和炎症条件下，单核细胞被招募到胃肠道（GI）中，它们会迅速获得组织特异性和独特的转录组。然而，胃肠道在其长度上有很大的差异，但大多数关于肠道巨噬细胞的研究并没有直接比较这些巨噬细胞在小肠和大肠中的表型和功能，因此导致数据解释存在差异。本综述强调了沿胃肠道的差异，这些差异可能会影响巨噬细胞的功能，特别关注饮食和微生物组。这种分析可能会进一步推动对肠道免疫系统和 GI 组织微环境之间相互作用的研究，理想情况下为调节特定肠道巨噬细胞群体和/或功能提供独特的治疗靶点。
