Alvarez Echazú María, Renou Sandra, Alvarez Gisela, Desimone Martin, Olmedo Daniel
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Cátedra de Química Analítica Instrumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2022 Feb;110(2):331-340. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.37291. Epub 2021 Aug 10.
Bone is a hierarchical material that has inspired the design of biopolymer-derived biocomposites for tissue engineering purposes. The present study sought to synthesize and perform the physicochemical characterization and biocompatibility of a collagen-silica-based biocomposite for potential application in bone tissue engineering. Ultrastructure, biodegradability, swelling behavior, and biocompatibility properties were analyzed to gain insight into the advantages and limitations to the use of this biomaterial as a bone substitute. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a packed-collagen fibril matrix and silica particles in the biocomposite three-dimensional structure. As shown by analysis of in vitro swelling behavior and biodegradability, it would seem that the material swelled soon after implantation and then suffered degradation. Biocompatibility properties were analyzed in vivo 14-days postimplantation using an experimental model in Wistar rats. The biocomposite was placed inside the hematopoietic bone marrow compartment of both tibiae (n = 16). Newly formed woven bone was observed in response to both materials. Unlike the pure-collagen-tissue interface, extensive areas of osseointegration were observed at the biocomposite-tissue interface, which would indicate that silica particles stimulated new bone formation. Agglomerates of finely particulate material with no inflammatory infiltrate or multinucleated giant cells were observed in the bone marrow implanted with the biocomposite. The biocomposite showed good biocompatibility properties. Further studies are necessary to evaluate their biological behavior over time.
骨是一种分层材料，它启发了用于组织工程目的的生物聚合物衍生生物复合材料的设计。本研究旨在合成一种基于胶原蛋白 - 二氧化硅的生物复合材料，并对其进行物理化学表征和生物相容性研究，以探讨其在骨组织工程中的潜在应用。分析了该生物材料的超微结构、生物降解性、溶胀行为和生物相容性，以深入了解将其用作骨替代物的优势和局限性。扫描电子显微镜分析显示，生物复合材料的三维结构中存在紧密排列的胶原纤维基质和二氧化硅颗粒。体外溶胀行为和生物降解性分析表明，该材料在植入后很快就会膨胀，然后发生降解。使用Wistar大鼠实验模型在植入后14天对生物相容性进行了体内分析。将生物复合材料置于双侧胫骨的造血骨髓腔中（n = 16）。两种材料均引发了新形成的编织骨。与纯胶原 - 组织界面不同，在生物复合材料 - 组织界面观察到广泛的骨整合区域，这表明二氧化硅颗粒刺激了新骨形成。在植入生物复合材料的骨髓中观察到细颗粒物质的团聚，没有炎性浸润或多核巨细胞。该生物复合材料表现出良好的生物相容性。需要进一步研究以评估其随时间的生物学行为。
