The New Types Key Think Tank of Zhejiang Province "China Research Institute of Regulation and Public Policy", Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China; China Institute of Regulation Research, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Hangzhou City Health Bureau, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Dec 1;798:149205. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149205. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
China is one of the largest producers and consumers of antibiotics, and China is a larger producer of livestock farming and aquaculture in the world. The livestock farming and aquaculture industry is a major area of antibiotic misuse, which has caused serious antibiotic residues and environment pollution. The antibiotic residues exceeding the standard may lead to antibiotic resistances in animals or human bodies, which poses a threat to human health. In this context, this study tries to systematically review the current situation of antibiotic misuse in livestock and aquaculture in China, and put forward corresponding regulatiory measures for the central government. Based on the status quo of livestock farming and aquaculture in China, this study reviewed antibiotic misuse in livestock farming and aquaculture and antibiotic resistance in China, introduced China's current policies on antibiotic regulation and the gap between China and developed countries, and analyzed the implications of current regulatory policies on animal health and productivity. At last, we put forward suggestions for the future antibiotic regulation, including strictly implementing the relevant laws and regulations, formulating specific supporting measures, encouraging the research and development of antibiotic substitutes, introducing advanced technologies for supervision and regulation, strengthening the publicity of science popularization and enhancing the public's awareness of the rational use of antibiotics. If these policy recommendations can be implemented, they will significantly promote the regulation of antibiotic abuse.
中国是抗生素的最大生产国和消费国之一，也是世界上最大的畜牧业和水产养殖业生产国。畜牧业和水产养殖业是抗生素滥用的主要领域，这导致了严重的抗生素残留和环境污染。抗生素残留超标可能导致动物或人体产生抗生素耐药性，对人类健康构成威胁。在这种情况下，本研究试图系统地回顾中国畜牧业和水产养殖业中抗生素滥用的现状，并为中央政府提出相应的监管措施。本研究基于中国畜牧业和水产养殖业的现状，回顾了畜牧业和水产养殖业中抗生素的滥用和中国的抗生素耐药性，介绍了中国目前抗生素监管政策以及与发达国家的差距，并分析了现行监管政策对动物健康和生产力的影响。最后，我们对未来的抗生素监管提出了建议，包括严格执行相关法律法规、制定具体的配套措施、鼓励抗生素替代品的研发、引入先进的监督管理技术、加强科学普及宣传，增强公众对抗生素合理使用的意识。如果这些政策建议能够得到实施，将极大地促进对抗生素滥用的监管。
