Pietrini Francesco, Lelli Lorenzo, Verardi Alice, Silvestri Cristina, Faravelli Carlo
Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche, Università di Firenze.
Riv Psichiatr. 2010 Jan-Feb;45(1):7-16.
Childhood trauma has a crucial and proved role for the development of psychopathology during adulthood. The results of a systematic review on the instruments for the retrospective assessment of childhood trauma are reported in order to compare their reliability, validity, comprehensiveness and use.
A literature search on this argument was conducted on Medline electronic archives and by canvassing English-language and other European languages publications. Eligible instruments were restricted to the ones with: available publications, retrospective assessment on adult population, independence from specific diagnostic categories, sufficient data regarding the main features.
Of the 19 eligible instruments, the Familial Experiences Interview (FEI) and the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report (ETI-SR) evaluate the highest number of "trauma areas" considered in this review. The reliability and validity data provided by Authors, when available, are reported to be good to excellent. The four most used instruments in the clinical and epidemiological practice appear to be the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse (CECA.Q) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).
Our review on the currently available instruments has pointed out some weaknesses that narrow their actual use and evaluation capability. Such issues should be taken in consideration and further discussed especially considering the increasing consent of research on the role of childhood trauma for the development of adult psychopathology.
童年创伤对成年期精神病理学的发展具有关键且已得到证实的作用。本文报告了一项关于童年创伤回顾性评估工具的系统评价结果，以比较其可靠性、有效性、全面性及实用性。
通过检索Medline电子数据库，并查阅英文及其他欧洲语言的出版物，对该主题进行文献检索。符合条件的工具仅限于具备以下特征的：有公开出版物、针对成年人群进行回顾性评估、独立于特定诊断类别、具备有关主要特征的充分数据。
在19种符合条件的工具中，家庭经历访谈（FEI）和早期创伤量表自评版（ETI-SR）评估了本综述中所考虑的最多数量的“创伤领域”。作者提供的可靠性和有效性数据（如有）据报告为良好至优秀。临床和流行病学实践中最常用的四种工具似乎是父母教养方式问卷（PBI）、成人依恋访谈（AAI）、童年期照料与虐待经历问卷（CECA.Q）和儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）。
我们对现有工具的综述指出了一些弱点，这些弱点限制了它们的实际应用和评估能力。应考虑并进一步讨论这些问题，尤其是考虑到关于童年创伤在成年期精神病理学发展中的作用的研究越来越受到认可。
