Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Jul 29;12:678918. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678918. eCollection 2021.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that act as a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. After activation, DCs differentiate into subtypes with different functions, at which point they upregulate co-stimulatory molecules and produce various cytokines and chemokines. Activated DCs also process antigens for presentation to T cells and regulate the differentiation and function of T cells to modulate the immune state of the body. Non-coding RNAs, RNA transcripts that are unable to encode proteins, not only participate in the pathological mechanisms of autoimmune-related diseases but also regulate the function of immune cells in these diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of non-coding RNAs contributes to DC differentiation, functions, and so on, consequently producing effects in various autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the main non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) that regulate DCs in pathological mechanisms and have tremendous potential to give rise to novel therapeutic targets and strategies for multiple autoimmune diseases and immune tolerance-related diseases.
树突状细胞（DCs）是专业的抗原呈递细胞，充当固有免疫和适应性免疫之间的桥梁。激活后，DC 分化为具有不同功能的亚型，此时它们上调共刺激分子并产生各种细胞因子和趋化因子。激活的 DC 还对抗原进行加工以呈递给 T 细胞，并调节 T 细胞的分化和功能，以调节机体的免疫状态。非编码 RNA 是不能编码蛋白质的 RNA 转录物，不仅参与自身免疫性疾病相关的病理机制，而且还调节这些疾病中免疫细胞的功能。越来越多的证据表明，非编码 RNA 的失调导致 DC 的分化、功能等发生变化，从而对各种自身免疫性疾病产生影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了调节 DC 的主要非编码 RNA（miRNAs、lncRNAs、circRNAs），它们在病理机制中具有巨大的潜力，可以为多种自身免疫性疾病和免疫耐受相关疾病产生新的治疗靶点和策略。
