Bahri Khomami Mahnaz, Walker Ruth, Kilpatrick Michelle, de Jersey Susan, Skouteris Helen, Moran Lisa J
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Level 1, 43-51 Kanooka Grove, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ther Adv Reprod Health. 2021 Aug 6;15:26334941211031866. doi: 10.1177/26334941211031866. eCollection 2021 Jan-Dec.
Women with maternal obesity, an unhealthy lifestyle before and during pregnancy and excess gestational weight gain have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes that can also increase the risk of long-term poor health for them and their children. Pregnant women have frequent medical appointments and are highly receptive to health advice. Healthcare professionals who interact with women during pregnancy are in a privileged position to support women to make lasting healthy lifestyle changes that can improve gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes and halt the intergenerational nature of obesity. Midwives and obstetrical nurses are key healthcare professionals responsible for providing antenatal care in most countries. Therefore, it is crucial for them to build and enhance their ability to promote healthy lifestyles in pregnant women. Undergraduate midwifery curricula usually lack sufficient lifestyle content to provide emerging midwives and obstetrical nurses with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to effectively assess and support healthy lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women. Consequently, registered midwives and obstetrical nurses may not recognise their role in healthy lifestyle promotion specific to healthy eating and physical activity in practice. In addition, practising midwives and obstetrical nurses do not consistently have access to healthy lifestyle promotion training in the workplace. Therefore, many midwives and obstetrical nurses may not have the confidence and/or skills to support pregnant women to improve their lifestyles. This narrative review summarises the role of midwives and obstetrical nurses in the promotion of healthy lifestyles relating to healthy eating and physical activity and optimising weight in pregnancy, the barriers that they face to deliver optimal care and an overview of what we know works when supporting midwives and obstetrical nurses in their role to support women in achieving a healthy lifestyle.
患有孕期肥胖症、在怀孕前和怀孕期间有不健康生活方式且孕期体重过度增加的女性，出现不良妊娠和分娩结局的风险会增加，这也会增加她们及其子女长期健康状况不佳的风险。孕妇经常就医，并且对健康建议高度接受。在孕期与女性接触的医疗保健专业人员处于有利地位，能够支持女性做出持久的健康生活方式改变，从而改善孕期体重增加情况和妊娠结局，并阻止肥胖的代际传递。在大多数国家，助产士和产科护士是负责提供产前护理的关键医疗保健专业人员。因此，对她们来说，培养和提高在孕妇中推广健康生活方式的能力至关重要。本科助产课程通常缺乏足够的生活方式相关内容，无法为初出茅庐的助产士和产科护士提供有效评估和支持孕妇健康生活方式行为所需的知识、技能和信心。因此，注册助产士和产科护士在实践中可能没有认识到自己在促进与健康饮食和体育活动相关的健康生活方式方面的作用。此外，执业助产士和产科护士在工作场所并不能始终获得健康生活方式推广培训。因此，许多助产士和产科护士可能没有信心和/或技能来支持孕妇改善生活方式。这篇叙述性综述总结了助产士和产科护士在促进与健康饮食和体育活动相关的健康生活方式以及优化孕期体重方面的作用、她们在提供最佳护理时面临的障碍，以及在支持助产士和产科护士发挥作用以帮助女性实现健康生活方式方面，我们所知道的有效方法的概述。
