Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 17;12(1):4984. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25312-0.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been launched worldwide to build effective population-level immunity to curb the spread of this virus. The effectiveness and duration of protective immunity is a critical factor for public health. Here, we report the kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in 204 individuals up to 1-year after recovery from COVID-19. RBD-IgG and full-length spike-IgG concentrations and serum neutralizing capacity decreases during the first 6-months, but is maintained stably up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Even individuals who had generated high IgG levels during early convalescent stages had IgG levels that had decreased to a similar level one year later. Notably, the RBD-IgG level positively correlates with serum neutralizing capacity, suggesting the representative role of RBD-IgG in predicting serum protection. Moreover, viral-specific cellular immune protection, including spike and nucleoprotein specific, persisted between 6 months and 12 months. Altogether, our study supports the persistence of viral-specific protective immunity over 1 year.
SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种已在全球范围内开展，以建立有效的人群免疫水平，从而遏制该病毒的传播。保护免疫的有效性和持续时间是公共卫生的关键因素。在这里，我们报告了 204 名从 COVID-19 中康复后长达 1 年的个体中 SARS-CoV-2 特异性免疫反应的动力学。RBD-IgG 和全长刺突 IgG 浓度以及血清中和能力在最初 6 个月内下降，但在出院后 1 年内稳定维持。即使在早期恢复期产生高 IgG 水平的个体，其 IgG 水平也会在一年后下降到相似水平。值得注意的是，RBD-IgG 水平与血清中和能力呈正相关，表明 RBD-IgG 在预测血清保护方面具有代表性作用。此外，包括刺突和核蛋白特异性在内的病毒特异性细胞免疫保护在 6 个月至 12 个月之间持续存在。总之，我们的研究支持病毒特异性保护性免疫在 1 年内的持续存在。
