Zhang Qian, Duan ZheMin, Xiang Dan, Yu Yue, Tian JingJin
Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest Area & Faculty of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Dawn Innovation Kindergarten, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021 Aug 11;14:1257-1268. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S315068. eCollection 2021.
In this study, we examined whether prosocial cartoons could inspire children to donate toys to others immediately upon exposure.
Cartoons were rated as prosocial or control via 80 adults. One hundred and fifty-six children participated in the study ( = 5.29, = 0.79). Children in the experimental group were exposed to cartoons in which the main character had a large number of donating behaviors, while children in the control group watched cartoons without donating behaviors (randomized controlled study). They watched these cartoons for 4 consecutive days. Afterwards, children's donating behaviors toward their peers were assessed in the Toy Donation Task (TDT). An analytic method of 2 (cartoon: prosocial vs control) × 2 (gender: male vs female) × 3 (age: 4 vs 5 vs 6) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to make result analyses.
The empirical results indicated that watching cartoons specifically depicting charitable donations (and not cartoons with other prosocial content) increased donations for charitable causes, whilst watching the control cartoons (cartoons without prosocial content) which did not depict characters acting in an antisocial way did not increase donating behavior. Specifically, 5-year-old female children reported more donating behavior than 6-year-old female children and 4-year-old female children, whilst no significant age effects were found among male children. Here, 4-6-year-old female children and 4-5-year-old male children in the prosocial cartoon condition reported more donating behavior than those in the control cartoon condition.
These findings indicated an accumulating positive effect of watching cartoons with donating content on children's donating behavior, especially for 4-6-year-old female children and 4-5-year-old male children.
在本研究中，我们考察了亲社会卡通片是否能促使儿童在观看后立即向他人捐赠玩具。
80名成年人将卡通片评为亲社会型或对照型。156名儿童参与了该研究（平均年龄 = 5.29岁，标准差 = 0.79）。实验组的儿童观看主角有大量捐赠行为的卡通片，而对照组的儿童观看没有捐赠行为的卡通片（随机对照研究）。他们连续4天观看这些卡通片。之后，在玩具捐赠任务（TDT）中评估儿童对同伴的捐赠行为。采用2（卡通片类型：亲社会型与对照型）×2（性别：男与女）×3（年龄：4岁与5岁与6岁）方差分析（ANOVA）的分析方法进行结果分析。
实证结果表明，观看专门描绘慈善捐赠的卡通片（而非具有其他亲社会内容的卡通片）会增加对慈善事业的捐赠，而观看未描绘角色反社会行为的对照卡通片（无亲社会内容的卡通片）不会增加捐赠行为。具体而言，5岁女童报告的捐赠行为比6岁女童和4岁女童更多，而男童中未发现显著的年龄效应。在此，亲社会卡通片条件下的4 - 6岁女童和4 - 5岁男童报告的捐赠行为比对照卡通片条件下的更多。
这些发现表明，观看具有捐赠内容的卡通片对儿童的捐赠行为有累积的积极影响，尤其是对4 - 6岁女童和4 - 5岁男童。
