Meng Qi, Sheng Xiaoying, Zhao Jiayin, Wang Yifang, Su Zhuqing
Department of Teacher Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
Mental Health Prevention Hospital of Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jun 18;11:1232. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01232. eCollection 2020.
Watching cartoons is one important event in children's early lives. This activity is highly influential on many factors, such as children's cognitive and behavioral development. Some researchers believe that parents should coview cartoons with children to help them filter and distinguish useful content. However, intergenerational education is already common in China, and the influence of grandparents cannot be ignored. Because they are in different stages of life, the members of these two generations manifest great differences in parenting style, which may lead to differences in child development. Does this generational difference have differential effects on the children's cartoon-viewing experience? We recruited 89 parents and grandparents and their kindergarten-aged children (approximately 5 years old) to participate in the study. The mothers or grandmothers were asked to coview a cartoon for approximately 7 min with their child, after which the child was asked questions about the cartoon-viewing experience. The results show the following: (1) compared with grandmothers, mothers generally think that cartoons have a very high influence on children's physical and mental health ( = 8.83, < 0.05), (2) mothers place more restrictions on the content of cartoons that their children view, whereas grandmothers' attitudes are characterized by greater tolerance ( = 11.94, < 0.01), and (3) in the case of coviewing with mothers, when the children are asked "why" questions about the cartoon-viewing experience questionnaire, they use more experience proofs to explain their answers than when they coview with grandmothers ( = 16.69, < 0.01; = 10.44, < 0.05).
观看卡通片是儿童早期生活中的一项重要活动。这项活动对许多因素都有很大影响，比如儿童的认知和行为发展。一些研究人员认为，父母应该与孩子一起观看卡通片，以帮助他们筛选和辨别有用的内容。然而，隔代教育在中国已经很普遍，祖父母的影响不容忽视。由于他们处于不同的生活阶段，这两代人在育儿方式上表现出很大差异，这可能导致孩子发展的差异。这种代际差异对孩子观看卡通片的体验有不同的影响吗？我们招募了89位父母和祖父母以及他们幼儿园年龄（约5岁）的孩子参与这项研究。要求母亲或祖母与孩子一起观看大约7分钟的卡通片，之后询问孩子关于观看卡通片体验的问题。结果如下：（1）与祖母相比，母亲通常认为卡通片对孩子的身心健康有很高影响（ = 8.83， < 0.05）；（2）母亲对孩子观看的卡通片内容限制更多，而祖母的态度则更宽容（ = 11.94， < 0.01）；（3）在与母亲一起观看的情况下，当孩子被问及关于卡通片观看体验问卷的“为什么”问题时，他们比与祖母一起观看时更多地使用经验证据来解释答案（ = 16.69， < 0.01； = 10.44， < 0.05）。
