Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Jan 13;73(2):529-554. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab367.
The synthesis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants is triggered in response to external stimuli, and these compounds can migrate to distal tissues and neighbouring receivers. Although grapevine VOCs responsible for wine aroma and plant-insect communications are well characterized, functional properties of VOCs produced in response to phytopathogens, beneficial microorganisms, resistance inducers, and abiotic factors have been less studied. In this review, we focused on the emission patterns and potential biological functions of VOCs produced by grapevines in response to stimuli. Specific grapevine VOCs are emitted in response to the exogenous stimulus, suggesting their precise involvement in plant defence response. VOCs with inhibitory activities against pathogens and responsible for plant resistance induction are reported, and some of them can also be used as biomarkers of grapevine resistance. Likewise, VOCs produced in response to beneficial microorganisms and environmental factors are possible mediators of grapevine-microbe communications and abiotic stress tolerance. Although further functional studies may improve our knowledge, the existing literature suggests that VOCs have an underestimated potential application as pathogen inhibitors, resistance inducers against biotic or abiotic stresses, signalling molecules, membrane stabilizers, and modulators of reactive oxygen species. VOC patterns could also be used to screen for resistant traits or to monitor the plant physiological status.
植物中挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的合成是对外界刺激的响应，这些化合物可以迁移到远端组织和邻近的接收者。尽管负责葡萄酒香气和植物-昆虫通讯的葡萄 VOC 已经得到很好的描述，但对植物病原体、有益微生物、抗性诱导剂和非生物因素响应产生的 VOC 的功能特性研究较少。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注了葡萄对刺激产生的 VOC 的排放模式和潜在生物学功能。特定的葡萄 VOC 是对外源性刺激的响应而释放的，这表明它们在植物防御反应中具有精确的参与作用。报道了具有抑制病原体活性和诱导植物抗性的 VOC，其中一些还可以用作葡萄抗性的生物标志物。同样，对有益微生物和环境因素产生的 VOC 可能是葡萄-微生物通讯和非生物胁迫耐受的介质。尽管进一步的功能研究可能会提高我们的认识，但现有文献表明，VOC 作为病原体抑制剂、生物或非生物胁迫抗性诱导剂、信号分子、膜稳定剂和活性氧调节剂的潜在应用被低估了。VOC 模式也可用于筛选抗性特征或监测植物生理状态。
