Vahabzadeh Sahar, Fleck Sarah, Marble Joshua, Tabatabaei Fahimeh, Tayebi Lobat
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
Ceram Int. 2020 Jun 1;46(8 Pt B):11905-11912. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.01.227. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Improving the physical, mechanical and biological properties of brushite cements (BrC) is of a great interest for using them in bone and dental tissue engineering applications. The objective of this study was to incorporate iron (Fe) at different concentrations (0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 wt.%) to BrC and study the role of Fe on phase composition, setting time, compressive strength, and interaction with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Results showed that increase in Fe concentration increases the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/ dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) ratio and prolongs the initial and final setting time due to effective role of Fe on stabilizing the β-TCP crystal structure and retarding its dissolution kinetic, in a dose dependent manner where the highest setting time was recorded for 1.00 wt.% Fe-BrC sample. Addition of low concentrations of Fe (0.25 and 0.50 wt.%) did not have adverse effect on compressive strength and strength was in the range of 5.7-7.05 (±~1.4) MPa; however, presence of 1.00 wt.% Fe decreases the strength of BrC from 7.05 ± 1.57 MPa to 3.12 ± 1.06 MPa. Interaction between the BrCs and hDPSCs was evaluated by cell proliferation assay, scanning electron microscopy, and live/dead staining. Low concentrations of 0.25, and 0.50 wt.% of Fe did not have any adverse effect on cell attachment and proliferation; while significant decrease in cellular activity was evident in BrC samples doped with 1.00 wt. %. Together, these data show that low concentrations of Fe (equal or less than 0.50 wt. %) can be safely added to BrC without any adverse effect on physical, mechanical and biological properties in presence of hDPSCs.
改善透钙磷石骨水泥（BrC）的物理、力学和生物学性能对于其在骨和牙组织工程应用中的使用具有重要意义。本研究的目的是在BrC中掺入不同浓度（0.25、0.50和1.00 wt.%）的铁（Fe），并研究Fe对相组成、凝固时间、抗压强度以及与人牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）相互作用的影响。结果表明，Fe浓度的增加会提高β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）/二水磷酸二钙（DCPD）的比例，并延长初凝和终凝时间，这是因为Fe在稳定β-TCP晶体结构和延缓其溶解动力学方面发挥了有效作用，且呈剂量依赖性，其中1.00 wt.% Fe-BrC样品的凝固时间最长。添加低浓度的Fe（0.25和0.50 wt.%）对抗压强度没有不利影响，强度在5.7-7.05（±~1.4）MPa范围内；然而，1.00 wt.% Fe的存在会使BrC的强度从7.05±1.57 MPa降至3.12±1.06 MPa。通过细胞增殖试验、扫描电子显微镜和活/死染色评估了BrC与hDPSCs之间的相互作用。0.25和0.50 wt.%的低浓度Fe对细胞附着和增殖没有任何不利影响；而在掺杂1.00 wt.%的BrC样品中，细胞活性明显显著下降。总之，这些数据表明，在存在hDPSCs的情况下，低浓度的Fe（等于或小于0.50 wt.%）可以安全地添加到BrC中，而不会对其物理、力学和生物学性能产生任何不利影响。
