Ramos Gustavo Luis de Paiva Anciens, Nascimento Janaína Dos Santos
MD, Departamento de Bromatologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rua Doutor Mário Viana, 523 - Santa Rosa - Niterói, CEP 24241-002, Brazil.
PhD, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Senador Furtado, 121 - Laboratório 412 - Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-021, Brazil.
Germs. 2021 Jun 2;11(2):211-220. doi: 10.18683/germs.2021.1258. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Enterobacteriaceae are often reported as a typical bacterial population in raw milk from any mammalian origin. The frequent concern with bacteria, especially those related to this group of microorganisms, is their increasing resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of enzymes that degrade them. This study aimed to characterize isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from raw goat milk to expose associated safety problems and possible technological challenges.
Isolates from 21 raw goat milk samples purchased in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were identified by mass spectrometry, after isolation on Violet Red Bile Glucose agar. The isolates were subjected to evaluation of proteolytic, lipolytic, hemolytic, and biofilm producing activities. Furthermore, resistance profiles and production capacity of enzymes that degrade antimicrobials were evaluated.
Almost half of the 59 isolates (48%) belonged to the genus, with a significant prevalence of the (20%) and (11%) genera. The majority showed biofilm-producing activity (90%), while the activity of degradative enzymes was observed in approximately 20%. Few isolates were found with a profile of resistance to antimicrobials, with only one isolate of being classified as multidrug-resistant. However, chromogenic culture media showed high production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases (54% and 46%, respectively), as a presumptive identification.
A considerable degree of virulence was observed in the Enterobacteriaceae isolates, as well as the potential for undesirable technological damage. The characterization and identification of the isolates contributes to the improvement of the risk monitoring process of goat's milk.
肠杆菌科通常被报道为源自任何哺乳动物的生乳中的典型细菌菌群。人们经常关注的细菌，尤其是与这类微生物相关的细菌，是它们对抗生素的耐药性不断增加以及降解抗生素的酶的出现。本研究旨在对生山羊乳中的肠杆菌科分离株进行特征分析，以揭示相关的安全问题和可能的技术挑战。
从巴西里约热内卢州购买的21份生山羊乳样品中分离出的菌株，在紫红胆盐葡萄糖琼脂上分离后，通过质谱法进行鉴定。对分离株进行蛋白水解、脂肪分解、溶血和生物膜形成活性的评估。此外，还评估了降解抗菌药物的酶的耐药谱和生产能力。
59株分离株中近一半（48%）属于该属，其中 属（20%）和 属（11%）的患病率较高。大多数分离株表现出生物膜形成活性（90%），而约20%的分离株观察到降解酶的活性。发现很少有分离株具有抗菌药物耐药谱，只有一株 被归类为多重耐药。然而，显色培养基显示超广谱β-内酰胺酶和碳青霉烯酶的产生率很高（分别为54%和46%），作为初步鉴定。
在肠杆菌科分离株中观察到相当程度的毒力，以及潜在的不良技术损害。对分离株的特征分析和鉴定有助于改进山羊奶的风险监测过程。
