Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Aug 2;4(8):e2121675. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21675.
Previous studies have shown reductions in self-reported physical activity levels in children associated with implementation of COVID-19 mitigation measures, and data on objectively assessed health parameters are limited.
To examine the association of COVID-19 mitigation measures with changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measures and body mass index (BMI) among primary schoolchildren.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included children aged 7 to 10 years from 12 randomly selected primary schools in urban and rural districts of Klagenfurt, Austria. Baseline CRF and BMI measurements were obtained in September 2019 before COVID-19 mitigation measures were implemented, and follow-up measurements were obtained in June and September 2020.
COVID-19 mitigation measures.
Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a 6-minute endurance run test. Height and weight were objectively measured. Standard deviation scores were calculated for CRF and BMI. Changes over time were analyzed using analyses of variance. Secondary analyses were performed for subgroups stratified by sex.
A total of 764 children (383 girls [50.1%]) aged 7 to 10 years had all measurements completed. From September 2019 to September 2020, CRF SD scores changed by -1.06 (95% CI, -1.13 to -1.00), with a similar decrease in both boys and girls. Body mass index SD scores had increased by 0.12 (95% CI, 0.06-0.16) in June 2020 and by 0.16 (95% CI, 0.12-0.20) in September 2020 compared with September 2019. The increase in BMI SD scores (from September 2019 to September 2020) was greater among boys (0.23; 95% CI, 0.18-0.29) than among girls (0.09; 95% CI, 0.04-0.15). During the 1-year period, the percentage of children with overweight or obesity increased from 20.3% (155 children) to 24.1% (184 children) (difference, 3.8% [29 children]).
In this cohort study of children in Austria, COVID-19 mitigation measures were associated with decreases in CRF measures and increases in BMI. The findings suggest that collaborative efforts are needed to reverse these changes in children's health to prevent long-term negative health outcomes.
先前的研究表明，在 COVID-19 缓解措施实施后，儿童的自我报告体力活动水平有所下降，而关于客观评估健康参数的数据有限。
研究 COVID-19 缓解措施与小学生心肺健康（CRF）指标和体重指数（BMI）变化之间的关联。
设计、地点和参与者：这项队列研究包括来自奥地利克拉根福市城乡 12 所随机选定的小学的 7 至 10 岁儿童。在实施 COVID-19 缓解措施之前，于 2019 年 9 月获得基线 CRF 和 BMI 测量值，并于 2020 年 6 月和 9 月进行随访测量。
COVID-19 缓解措施。
CRF 使用 6 分钟耐力跑测试进行测量。身高和体重进行客观测量。为 CRF 和 BMI 计算标准偏差分数。使用方差分析分析随时间的变化。按性别分层进行亚组分析。
共有 764 名 7 至 10 岁的儿童完成了所有测量（383 名女孩[50.1%]）。从 2019 年 9 月到 2020 年 9 月，CRF 的 SD 评分下降了 1.06（95%CI，-1.13 至 -1.00），男孩和女孩的降幅相似。2020 年 6 月，BMI 的 SD 评分较 2019 年 9 月增加了 0.12（95%CI，0.06-0.16），2020 年 9 月增加了 0.16（95%CI，0.12-0.20）。与女孩（0.09；95%CI，0.04-0.15）相比，男孩（0.23；95%CI，0.18-0.29）的 BMI 评分（从 2019 年 9 月到 2020 年 9 月）增加幅度更大。在这一年中，超重或肥胖儿童的比例从 20.3%（155 名儿童）增加到 24.1%（184 名儿童）（差异为 3.8%[29 名儿童]）。
在这项奥地利儿童的队列研究中，COVID-19 缓解措施与 CRF 测量值下降和 BMI 增加有关。这些发现表明，需要共同努力，扭转儿童健康的这些变化，以防止长期的负面健康后果。
