Liu Shilong, Zhu Xiaoping, Qiu Yueqin, Wang Li, Shang Xiuguo, Gao Kaiguo, Yang Xuefen, Jiang Zongyong
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China.
College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jul 23;11(8):2186. doi: 10.3390/ani11082186.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of niacin on growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal mucosal immunity, and colonic microbiota in weaned piglets. A total of 96 weaned piglets (Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), 21-d old, 6.65 ± 0.02 kg body weight (BW)) were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups (8 replicate pens per treatment, each pen containing 4 males; = 32/treatment) for 14 d. Piglets were fed a control diet (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with 20.4 mg/kg niacin (NA) or an antagonist for the niacin receptor GPR109A (MPN). The results showed that NA or MPN had no effect on ADG, ADFI, G/F or diarrhea incidence compared with the CON diet. However, compared with piglets in the NA group, piglets in the MPN group had lower ADG ( = 0.042) and G/F ( = 0.055). In comparison with the control and MPN group, niacin supplementation increased the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth ( < 0.05), while decreasing the crypt depth in the duodenum ( < 0.05). Proteomics analysis of cytokines showed that niacin supplementation increased the expression of duodenal transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), jejunal interleukin-10 (IL-10) and ileal interleukin-6 (IL-6) ( < 0.05), and reduced the expression of ileal interleukin-8 (IL-8) ( < 0.05) compared with the control diet. Piglets in the MPN group had significantly increased expression of ileal IL-6, and jejunal IL-8 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) ( < 0.05) compared with those in the control group. Piglets in the MPN group had lower jejunal IL-10 level and higher jejunal IL-8 level than those in the NA group ( < 0.05). The mRNA abundance of duodenal IL-8 and ileal granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) genes were increased ( < 0.05), and that of ileal IL-10 transcript was decreased ( < 0.05) in the MPN group compared with both the control and NA groups. Additionally, niacin increased the relative abundance of in the colon as compared with the control and MPN group ( < 0.05), while decreasing that of compared with the control group ( < 0.05) and increasing that of compared with MPN supplementation ( < 0.05). Collectively, the results indicated that niacin supplementation efficiently ensured intestinal morphology and attenuated intestinal inflammation of weaned piglets. The protective effects of niacin on gut health may be associated with increased and abundance and butyrate content and decreased abundances of .
本研究旨在探讨烟酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态、肠道黏膜免疫及结肠微生物群的影响。选取96头断奶仔猪（杜洛克×（长白×大白），21日龄，体重6.65±0.02 kg），随机分为3个处理组（每个处理8个重复栏，每栏4头公猪；每组32头），试验期14天。仔猪分别饲喂对照日粮（CON）、添加20.4 mg/kg烟酸（NA）的对照日粮或烟酸受体GPR109A拮抗剂（MPN）。结果表明，与对照日粮相比，NA或MPN对平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、料重比（G/F）或腹泻发生率均无影响。然而，与NA组仔猪相比，MPN组仔猪的ADG（P = 0.042）和G/F（P = 0.055）较低。与对照组和MPN组相比，添加烟酸可增加十二指肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（P < 0.05），同时降低十二指肠隐窝深度（P < 0.05）。细胞因子的蛋白质组学分析表明，与对照日粮相比，添加烟酸可增加十二指肠转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、空肠白细胞介素-10（IL-10）和回肠白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的表达（P < 0.05），并降低回肠白细胞介素-8（IL-8）的表达（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，MPN组仔猪回肠IL-6、空肠IL-8和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的表达显著增加（P < 0.05）。与NA组相比，MPN组仔猪空肠IL-10水平较低，空肠IL-8水平较高（P < 0.05）。与对照组和NA组相比，MPN组十二指肠IL-8和回肠粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）基因的mRNA丰度增加（P < 0.05），回肠IL-10转录本的mRNA丰度降低（P < 0.05）。此外，与对照组和MPN组相比，烟酸增加了结肠中[具体细菌名称1]的相对丰度（P < 0.05），与对照组相比降低了[具体细菌名称2]的相对丰度（P < 0.05），与添加MPN相比增加了[具体细菌名称3]的相对丰度（P < 0.05）。总体而言，结果表明添加烟酸可有效保证断奶仔猪的肠道形态并减轻肠道炎症。烟酸对肠道健康的保护作用可能与[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称3]丰度及丁酸盐含量增加以及[具体细菌名称2]丰度降低有关。
