Nguyen Huynh Nga, Ullevig Sarah L, Short John D, Wang Luxi, Ahn Yong Joo, Asmis Reto
Ardelyx Inc., Fremont, CA 94555, USA.
College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jul 21;10(8):1161. doi: 10.3390/antiox10081161.
Ursolic acid (UA) is a well-studied natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in herbs, fruit and a number of traditional Chinese medicinal plants. UA has a broad range of biological activities and numerous potential health benefits. In this review, we summarize the current data on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of UA and review the literature on the biological activities of UA and its closest analogues in the context of inflammation, metabolic diseases, including liver and kidney diseases, obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. We end with a brief overview of UA's main analogues with a special focus on a newly discovered naturally occurring analogue with intriguing biological properties and potential health benefits, 23-hydroxy ursolic acid.
熊果酸（UA）是一种经过充分研究的天然五环三萜类化合物，存在于草药、水果及多种传统中药材中。UA具有广泛的生物活性和众多潜在的健康益处。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于UA生物利用度和药代动力学的数据，并在炎症、代谢性疾病（包括肝脏和肾脏疾病、肥胖症和糖尿病）、心血管疾病、癌症及神经疾病的背景下，回顾了有关UA及其最接近类似物生物活性的文献。我们最后简要概述了UA的主要类似物，特别关注一种新发现的具有有趣生物学特性和潜在健康益处的天然类似物——23-羟基熊果酸。
