Torrens-Melich Marta, Orengo Teresa, Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando, Almodóvar Isabel, Baquero Abel, Benito Ana
IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Autònoma University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
El Grao Addictive Behaviours Unit, Clinical Hospital Valencia, 46024 Valencia, Spain.
Brain Sci. 2021 Aug 21;11(8):1101. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11081101.
Little data are available for women diagnosed with a dual diagnosis. However, dual diagnosis in women presents increased stigma, social penalties, and barriers to access to treatment than it does for men. Indeed, it increases the probability of suffering physical or sexual abuse, violent victimization, gender-based violence, unemployment, social exclusion, social-role problems, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities. Thus, a transversal sex and gender-based perspective is required to adequately study and treat dual diagnosis. For this, sex and gender factors should be included in every scientific analysis; professionals should review their own prejudices and stereotypes and train themselves specifically from a gender perspective; administrations should design and provide specific treatment resources for women; and we could all contribute to a structural social transformation that goes beyond gender mandates and norms and reduces the risk of abuse and violence inflicted on women.
关于被诊断为双重诊断的女性的数据很少。然而，女性的双重诊断比男性面临更多的污名化、社会惩罚和获得治疗的障碍。事实上，它增加了遭受身体或性虐待、暴力侵害、基于性别的暴力、失业、社会排斥、社会角色问题以及身体和精神共病的可能性。因此，需要一个横向的基于性和性别的视角来充分研究和治疗双重诊断。为此，应在每项科学分析中纳入性和性别因素；专业人员应审视自己的偏见和刻板印象，并从性别视角进行专门培训；政府应设计并为女性提供特定的治疗资源；我们所有人都可以为超越性别规定和规范、降低对女性的虐待和暴力风险的结构性社会变革做出贡献。
