Burguin Anna, Diorio Caroline, Durocher Francine
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada.
Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
J Pers Med. 2021 Aug 19;11(8):808. doi: 10.3390/jpm11080808.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. This heterogeneous disease can be classified into four molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER2 and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)) according to the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR), and the overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Current BC treatments target these receptors (endocrine and anti-HER2 therapies) as a personalized treatment. Along with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, these therapies can have severe adverse effects and patients can develop resistance to these agents. Moreover, TNBC do not have standardized treatments. Hence, a deeper understanding of the development of new treatments that are more specific and effective in treating each BC subgroup is key. New approaches have recently emerged such as immunotherapy, conjugated antibodies, and targeting other metabolic pathways. This review summarizes current BC treatments and explores the new treatment strategies from a personalized therapy perspective and the resulting challenges.
乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性中诊断出的最常见癌症。这种异质性疾病可根据雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）的表达以及人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）的过表达分为四种分子亚型（腔面A型、腔面B型、HER2型和三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC））。目前的乳腺癌治疗以这些受体为靶点（内分泌和抗HER2治疗）作为个性化治疗。与化疗和放疗一起，这些治疗可能会产生严重的不良反应，并且患者可能会对这些药物产生耐药性。此外，三阴性乳腺癌没有标准化的治疗方法。因此，更深入地了解开发对每个乳腺癌亚组更具特异性和有效性的新治疗方法是关键。最近出现了一些新方法，如免疫疗法、偶联抗体和靶向其他代谢途径。本综述总结了当前的乳腺癌治疗方法，并从个性化治疗的角度探讨了新的治疗策略以及由此产生的挑战。
