Hasan Nazarul, Choudhary Sana, Naaz Neha, Sharma Nidhi, Laskar Rafiul Amin
Cytogenetic and Plant Breeding Lab, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, 202002, India.
Department of Botany, Bahona College, Jorhat, Assam, 785 101, India.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2021 Aug 27;19(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00231-1.
DNA markers improved the productivity and accuracy of classical plant breeding by means of marker-assisted selection (MAS). The enormous number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping read for different plant species have given a plenitude of molecular marker-gene associations. In this review, we have discussed the positive aspects of molecular marker-assisted selection and its precise applications in plant breeding programmes. Molecular marker-assisted selection has considerably shortened the time for new crop varieties to be brought to the market. To explore the information about DNA markers, many reviews have been published in the last few decades; all these reviews were intended by plant breeders to obtain information on molecular genetics. In this review, we intended to be a synopsis of recent developments of DNA markers and their application in plant breeding programmes and devoted to early breeders with little or no knowledge about the DNA markers. The progress made in molecular plant breeding, plant genetics, genomics selection, and editing of genome contributed to the comprehensive understanding of DNA markers and provides several proofs on the genetic diversity available in crop plants and greatly complemented plant breeding devices.
MAS has revolutionized the process of plant breeding with acceleration and accuracy, which is continuously empowering plant breeders around the world.
DNA标记通过标记辅助选择（MAS）提高了传统植物育种的效率和准确性。针对不同植物物种进行的大量数量性状位点（QTL）定位研究，产生了大量分子标记与基因的关联信息。在本综述中，我们讨论了分子标记辅助选择的积极方面及其在植物育种计划中的精确应用。分子标记辅助选择大大缩短了新作物品种推向市场的时间。为了探索有关DNA标记的信息，在过去几十年中发表了许多综述；所有这些综述都是植物育种者为了获取分子遗传学信息而撰写的。在本综述中，我们旨在对DNA标记的最新进展及其在植物育种计划中的应用进行概述，并面向对DNA标记知之甚少或一无所知的早期育种者。分子植物育种、植物遗传学、基因组选择和基因组编辑方面取得的进展有助于全面理解DNA标记，并为作物植物中存在的遗传多样性提供了若干证据，极大地补充了植物育种手段。
MAS以加速和精确性彻底改变了植物育种过程，不断为世界各地的植物育种者提供助力。
