Model: Role in Understanding Intestinal Immune Response, Inflammation and Host Defense.

Several parasites have evolved to survive in the human intestinal tract and over 1 billion people around the world, specifically in developing countries, are infected with enteric helminths. is one of the world's most common intestinal parasites that causes human parasitic infections. , as an immunologically well-defined mouse model of , is extensively used to study different aspects of the innate and adaptive components of the immune system. Studies on model offer insights into understanding host immunity, since this parasite generates two distinct immune responses in resistant and susceptible strains of mouse. Apart from the immune cells, infection also influences various components of the intestinal tract, especially the gut microbiota, mucus layer, epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Here, we reviewed the different immune responses generated by innate and adaptive immune components during acute and chronic infections. Furthermore, we discussed the importance of studying model in understanding host-parasite interaction in the context of alteration in the host's microbiota, intestinal barrier, inflammation, and host defense, and in parasite infection-mediated modulation of other immune and inflammatory diseases.