Swetha Bupur, Singiri Jeevan R, Novoplansky Nurit, Grandhi Rohith, Srinivasan Jansirani, Khadka Janardan, Galis Ivan, Grafi Gideon
French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 8;10(8):1627. doi: 10.3390/plants10081627.
In the face of climate change and the predicted increase in the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses (e.g., hot spell, salinity), we sought to investigate the effect of salinity (S), short episodes of high temperature (HS) and combination of salinity and high temperature (SHS), at the reproductive phase, on yield with a special focus on the properties of dead pericarps of . Three interval exposures to HS resulted in massive seed abortion, and seeds from salt-treated plants germinated poorly. Germination rate and final germination of seeds were slightly reduced in the presence of salt and SHS pericarp extracts. All pericarp extracts completely inhibited seed germination of tomato and but removal of pericarp extracts almost fully restored seed germination. Heat and salinity profoundly affected the accumulation of phytohormones in dead pericarps. Combined stresses highly reduced IAA and ABA levels compared with salt, and enhanced the accumulation of GA1, but abolished the positive effect of salt on the accumulation of GA4, JA and SA. Interestingly, pericarp extracts displayed priming activity and significantly affected seedling performance in a manner dependent on the species and on the origin of the pericarp. While control pericarps improved and reduced the seedlings' performance of autologous and heterologous species, respectively, pericarps from salt-treated plants were harmless or improved heterologous seedling performance. Thus, the strategy employed by the germinating seed for securing resources is set up, at least partly, by the mother plant in conjunction with the maternal environment whose components are stored in the dead maternal organs enclosing the embryo.
面对气候变化以及预测的非生物胁迫（如热浪、盐度）频率和强度的增加，我们试图研究在生殖阶段盐度（S）、短期高温（HS）以及盐度与高温组合（SHS）对产量的影响，特别关注[具体植物名称]死果皮的特性。三次间隔暴露于高温导致大量种子败育，盐处理植株的种子发芽率低。在存在盐和SHS果皮提取物的情况下，[具体植物名称]种子的发芽率和最终发芽率略有降低。所有果皮提取物完全抑制了番茄和[具体植物名称]的种子发芽，但去除果皮提取物后种子发芽几乎完全恢复。高温和盐度深刻影响了死果皮中植物激素的积累。与盐处理相比，复合胁迫显著降低了IAA和ABA水平，增强了GA1的积累，但消除了盐对GA4、JA和SA积累的积极影响。有趣的是，果皮提取物表现出引发活性，并以依赖于物种和果皮来源的方式显著影响幼苗表现。虽然对照果皮分别提高和降低了同源和异源物种的幼苗表现，但盐处理植株的果皮对异源幼苗表现无害或有改善作用。因此，萌发种子确保资源的策略至少部分是由母本植物与母本环境共同建立的，母本环境的成分储存在包裹胚胎的死母本器官中。
