Priyanka Govindegowda, Singiri Jeevan R, Adler-Agmon Zachor, Sannidhi Sasank, Daida Spurthi, Novoplansky Nurit, Grafi Gideon
French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 84990, Israel.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2024 May 4;11(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s40643-024-00763-7.
Agriculture-based industries generate huge amounts of byproducts/wastes every year, which are not exploited or disposed efficiently posing an environmental problem with implications to human and animal health. Finding strategies to increase the recycling of agro-industrial byproducts/wastes (AIBWs) is a primary objective of the current study. A thorough examination of AIBWs in conjunction with experimental research is proposed to facilitate sorting for various agro-industrial applications and consequently increasing byproduct/waste utilization. Accordingly, two sustainable, locally available sources of AIBWs, namely, wheat bran (WB) and garlic straw and peels (GSP) were studied in detail including content and composition of proteins, phytohormones and nutritional elements, as well as the effect of AIBW extracts on plant and microbial growth. Hundreds of proteins were recovered from AIBW mainly from WBs, including chaperons, metabolite and protein modifying enzymes, and antimicrobial proteins. In-gel assays showed that WB and GSP possess high protease and nuclease activities. Conspicuously, phytohormone analysis of AIBWs revealed the presence of high levels of strigolactones, stimulants of seed germination of root parasitic weeds, as well as indole acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Garlic straw extract strongly inhibited germination of the weed Amaranthus palmeri but not of Abutilon theophrasti and all examined AIBWs significantly affected post-germination growth. Bacterial growth was strongly inhibited by garlic straw, but enhanced by WBs, which can be used at least partly as a bacterial growth medium. Thus, an in-depth examination of AIBW characteristics will enable appropriate sorting for diverse agro-industrial applications, which will increase their utilization and consequently their economic value.
以农业为基础的产业每年都会产生大量的副产品/废弃物，这些副产品/废弃物没有得到有效利用或处理，从而引发了环境问题，并对人类和动物健康产生影响。寻找提高农业工业副产品/废弃物（AIBW）回收利用的策略是本研究的主要目标。建议对AIBW进行全面检查并结合实验研究，以促进其在各种农业工业应用中的分类，从而提高副产品/废弃物的利用率。因此，详细研究了两种可持续的、当地可得的AIBW来源，即麦麸（WB）和蒜秸与蒜皮（GSP），包括蛋白质、植物激素和营养元素的含量与组成，以及AIBW提取物对植物和微生物生长的影响。从AIBW中，主要是从WB中回收了数百种蛋白质，包括伴侣蛋白、代谢物和蛋白质修饰酶以及抗菌蛋白。凝胶内分析表明，WB和GSP具有较高的蛋白酶和核酸酶活性。值得注意的是，对AIBW的植物激素分析显示，存在高水平的独脚金内酯，这是根寄生杂草种子萌发的刺激物，以及吲哚乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）。蒜秸提取物强烈抑制杂草苋的萌发，但不抑制苘麻的萌发，并且所有检测的AIBW都显著影响萌发后的生长。蒜秸强烈抑制细菌生长，但WB则促进细菌生长，WB至少可以部分用作细菌生长培养基。因此，对AIBW特性进行深入研究将有助于对其进行适当分类，以用于各种农业工业应用，这将提高它们的利用率，进而提高其经济价值。
