Smith Danielle M, Kozlowski Lynn, O'Connor Richard J, Hyland Andrew, Collins R Lorraine
Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
Department of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
J Cannabis Res. 2021 Aug 27;3(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s42238-021-00097-7.
Understanding similarities, differences, and associations between reasons people vape nicotine and cannabis may be important for identifying underlying contributors to their co-use.
A cross-sectional survey of 112 co-users of vaped nicotine and cannabis was conducted in 2020. A convenience sample of participants was recruited for the survey using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants responded to questions about their reasons for individual nicotine and cannabis product use and co-use and rated their level of agreement using numerical scales. Mean ratings for each reason for use subscale were examined across all participants and compared using paired samples t tests. Associations between reasons for use ratings and product consumption behaviors were examined using linear and logistic regression analyses.
Cannabis vaping and smoking exhibited similar mean ratings for user experience and product/substance-related reasons for use. Mean ratings for reasons related to product utility were similar for cannabis vaping and nicotine vaping. Mean ratings for utility-related reasons for use were higher for cannabis vaping than cannabis smoking (mean (SD), 3.6 (± 1.0) vs. 2.6 (± 1.2), p < 0.0001). On average, harm reduction-related reasons for use were rated higher for nicotine vaping than cannabis vaping (2.4 (± 1.6) vs. 1.8 (± 1.4), p < 0.0001). Regression models showed higher average ratings for utility-related (b = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.03-0.60) and harm reduction-related (b = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.04-0.37) reasons for nicotine vaping were associated with more frequent nicotine vaping (both p < 0.05). Higher average ratings for instrumentality-related reasons for co-use corresponded with more frequent monthly nicotine vaping (b = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08-0.44) and higher odds of ever chasing cannabis with nicotine (aOR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.29-7.30).
Vaping serves purposes that differ by substance; nicotine vaping was more closely related to reducing tobacco smoking-related harms, and cannabis vaping was more closely related to circumventing social problems posed by cannabis smoking. Lifetime sequential co-use practices and more frequent nicotine vaping were associated with enhancing the intoxicating effects of cannabis. While replication of these findings using non convenience-based sampling approaches is warranted, results underscore the need to consider shared and unique aspects of nicotine and cannabis vaping, as well as cross-substance interactions between nicotine and cannabis.
了解人们吸食尼古丁和大麻的原因之间的异同及关联，对于确定其同时使用这两种物质的潜在因素可能至关重要。
2020年对112名同时吸食尼古丁和大麻的使用者进行了一项横断面调查。通过亚马逊土耳其机器人招募了方便样本的参与者进行调查。参与者回答了关于他们使用尼古丁和大麻产品及同时使用的原因的问题，并使用数字量表对他们的同意程度进行评分。对所有参与者使用的每个原因子量表的平均评分进行了检查，并使用配对样本t检验进行比较。使用线性和逻辑回归分析研究使用原因评分与产品消费行为之间的关联。
大麻吸食和吸烟在用户体验以及与产品/物质相关的使用原因方面表现出相似的平均评分。大麻吸食和尼古丁吸食在与产品效用相关的原因方面的平均评分相似。与效用相关的使用原因的平均评分，大麻吸食高于大麻吸烟（平均值（标准差），3.6（±1.0）对2.6（±1.2），p<0.0001）。平均而言，与减少危害相关的使用原因，尼古丁吸食的评分高于大麻吸食（2.4（±1.6）对1.8（±1.4），p<0.0001）。回归模型显示，与效用相关的原因（b=0.32；95%置信区间，0.03 - 0.60）和与减少危害相关的原因（b=0.21；95%置信区间，0.04 - 0.37）的尼古丁吸食平均评分较高，与更频繁的尼古丁吸食相关（两者p<0.05）。与同时使用相关的工具性原因的平均评分较高，与更频繁的每月尼古丁吸食（b=0.26；95%置信区间，0.08 - 0.44）以及曾经用尼古丁追吸大麻的较高几率相关（调整后比值比，3.06；95%置信区间，1.29 - 7.30）。
吸食不同物质的目的不同；尼古丁吸食与减少吸烟相关危害的关系更为密切，而大麻吸食与规避大麻吸烟带来的社会问题的关系更为密切。终生顺序性同时使用行为以及更频繁的尼古丁吸食与增强大麻的致醉效果相关。虽然有必要使用非基于方便样本的抽样方法来重复这些发现，但结果强调需要考虑尼古丁和大麻吸食的共同和独特方面，以及尼古丁和大麻之间的跨物质相互作用。
