Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2021 Aug 27;23(11):126. doi: 10.1007/s11912-021-01124-9.
In this review, we analyzed the current landscape of non-PD-(L)1 targeting immunotherapy.
The advent of immunotherapy has completely changed the standard approach toward advanced NSCLC. Inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have quickly taken place as first-line treatment for NSCLC patients without targetable "driver" mutations. However, a non-negligible portion of patients derive modest benefit from immune-checkpoint inhibitors, and valid second-line alternatives are lacking, pushing researchers to analyze other molecules and pathways as potentially viable targets in the struggle against NSCLC. Starting from the better characterized CTLA-4 inhibitors, we then critically collected the actual knowledge on NSCLC vaccines as well as on other emerging molecules, many of them in their early phase of testing, to provide to the reader a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of immunotherapy in NSCLC beyond PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
在这篇综述中，我们分析了目前非 PD-(L)1 靶向免疫治疗的现状。
免疫治疗的出现彻底改变了晚期 NSCLC 的标准治疗方法。PD-1/PD-L1 轴抑制剂已迅速成为无靶向“驱动”突变的 NSCLC 患者的一线治疗药物。然而，相当一部分患者从免疫检查点抑制剂中获得的获益有限，并且缺乏有效的二线治疗选择，这促使研究人员分析其他分子和途径作为对抗 NSCLC 的潜在可行靶点。从更好地描述 CTLA-4 抑制剂开始，我们批判性地收集了 NSCLC 疫苗以及其他新兴分子的实际知识，其中许多分子仍处于早期测试阶段，为读者提供了 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂之外 NSCLC 免疫治疗的最新技术概述。
