Wu Chung-Shien, Sudianto Edi, Chiu Hui-Lung, Chao Chih-Ping, Chaw Shu-Miaw
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Plant Germplasm Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Aug 11;12:713216. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.713216. eCollection 2021.
Bananas ( spp.) are some of the most important fruit crops in the world, contributing up to US$10 billion in export values annually. In this study, we use high-throughput sequencing to obtain genomic resources of high-copy DNA molecules in bananas. We sampled 13 wild species and eight cultivars that represent the three genera (, and ) of the banana family (Musaceae). Their plastomic, 45S rDNA, and mitochondrial scaffolds were recovered from genome skimming data. Two major clades (Clades I & II) within are strongly supported by the three genomic compartment data. We document, for the first time, that the plastomes of Musaceae have expanded inverted repeats (IR) after they diverged from their two close relatives, Heliconiaceae (the lobster-claws) and Strelitziaceae (the traveler's bananas). The presence/absence of within IR regions reinforces the two intra-generic clades within . Our comparisons of the bananas' plastomic and mitochondrial DNA sequence trees aid in identifying hybrid bananas' parentage. As the mitochondrial genes of have elevated substitution rates, paternal inheritance likely plays an influential role on the mitogenome evolution. We propose genome skimming as a useful method for reliable genealogy tracing and phylogenetics in bananas.
香蕉（芭蕉属）是世界上一些最重要的水果作物，每年出口价值高达100亿美元。在本研究中，我们使用高通量测序来获取香蕉中高拷贝DNA分子的基因组资源。我们对代表香蕉科（芭蕉科）三个属（芭蕉属、象腿蕉属和地涌金莲属）的13个野生种和8个栽培品种进行了采样。从基因组浅层测序数据中获得了它们的质体基因组、45S核糖体DNA和线粒体支架。芭蕉属内的两个主要分支（分支I和分支II）得到了这三个基因组区域数据的有力支持。我们首次记录到，芭蕉科的质体基因组在与它们的两个近缘科——蝎尾蕉科（龙虾爪花）和旅人蕉科（旅人蕉）分化后，具有扩展的反向重复序列（IR）。IR区域内特定序列的有无强化了芭蕉属内的两个属内分支。我们对香蕉质体基因组和线粒体DNA序列树的比较有助于确定杂交香蕉的亲本来源。由于芭蕉属的线粒体基因具有较高的替换率，父系遗传可能在芭蕉属有丝分裂基因组进化中发挥重要作用。我们提出基因组浅层测序是一种用于可靠追溯香蕉谱系和系统发育研究的有用方法。
