Functional Status of Pancreatic and Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Different Plasma Triglyceride Levels: A Retrospective Analysis.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the functional status of pancreatic and cells in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. TG levels can be prognostic markers for T2DM.

METHODS

A total of 328 patients with T2DM were divided into three groups according to different TG levels: the TGL group: TG < 1.7 mmol/L; TGM group: 1.7 mmol/L ≤ TG < 2.3 mmol/L; and TGH group: TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin release test, and glucagon release test were performed in each patient. The changes of glucagon, glucagon/insulin ratio, early insulin secretion index (Δ /Δ ), and area under the insulin curve (AUC) were compared among each group. Also, the correlations between glucagon and pancreatic -cell function, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and other indices were analyzed.

RESULTS

With the increase of TG, the fasting and postprandial glucagon levels, the glucagon/insulin ratio, and the area under the glucagon curve (AUC) presented an increasing trend. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the TGH group was significantly increased compared to the TGL and TGM groups. In addition to the increase in TG levels, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI), homeostasis model assessment for -cell function index (HOMA-), Δ /Δ , and AUC displayed a reducing trend. Glucagon was negatively correlated with Δ /Δ , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HOMA-, body mass index (BMI), ISI, and AUC ( < 0.05) and positively correlated with fasting blood glucose (FPG), AUC, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, duration, TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC) ( < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Hypertriglyceridemia aggravated the dysfunction of pancreatic and cells. A reasonable control of the TG level makes it easier for blood glucose to reach the standard.