荷兰老年人对使用移动健康应用程序的感知风险与使用意愿之间的关系：横断面研究。
Relationship Between Perceived Risks of Using mHealth Applications and the Intention to Use Them Among Older Adults in the Netherlands: Cross-sectional Study.
机构信息
Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Prince Mohammad Bin Salman College of Business & Entrepreneurship, King Abdullah Economic City, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021 Aug 30;9(8):e26845. doi: 10.2196/26845.
BACKGROUND
Considering the increasing demand for health services by older people and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, digital health is commonly viewed to offer a pathway to provide safe and affordable health services for older adults, thus enabling self-management of their health while health care systems are struggling. However, several factors cause older people to be particularly reluctant to adopt digital health technologies such as mobile health (mHealth) tools. In addition to previously studied technology acceptance factors, those related to perceived risks of mHealth use (eg, leakage of sensitive information or receiving incorrect health recommendations) may further diminish mHealth adoption by older adults.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between perceived risks of using mHealth applications and the intention to use these applications among older adults.
METHODS
We designed a cross-sectional study wherein a questionnaire was used to collect data from participants aged 65 years and older in the Netherlands. Perceived risk was divided into four constructs: privacy risk, performance risk, legal concern, and trust. Linear regression analyses were performed to determine the associations between these perceived risk constructs and the intention to use mHealth applications.
RESULTS
Linear regression per perceived risk factor showed that each of the four constructs is significantly associated with the intention to use mobile medical applications among older adults (adjusted for age, sex, education, and health status). Performance risk (β=-.266; P=<.001), legal concern (β=-.125; P=.007), and privacy risk (β=-.100; P=.03) were found to be negatively correlated to intention to use mHealth applications, whereas trust (β=.352; P=<.001) was found to be positively correlated to the intention to use mHealth applications.
CONCLUSIONS
Performance risk, legal concern, and privacy risk as perceived by older adults may substantially and significantly decrease their intention to use mHealth applications. Trust may significantly and positively affect this intention. Health care professionals, designers of mHealth applications, and policy makers can use these findings to diminish performance risks, and tailor campaigns and applications to address legal and privacy concerns and promote mHealth uptake and health care access for older adults, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
背景
考虑到老年人对医疗服务需求的不断增加，以及持续的 COVID-19 大流行，数字医疗通常被视为为老年人提供安全、经济实惠的医疗服务的途径，从而使他们能够在医疗保健系统面临压力时自行管理健康。然而，一些因素导致老年人特别不愿意采用数字健康技术，如移动医疗 (mHealth) 工具。除了之前研究过的技术接受因素外，与使用 mHealth 感知风险相关的因素（例如，敏感信息泄露或收到不正确的健康建议）可能会进一步降低老年人对 mHealth 的采用率。
目的
本研究旨在探讨老年人使用 mHealth 应用程序的感知风险与使用这些应用程序的意愿之间的关系。
方法
我们设计了一项横断面研究，使用问卷从荷兰 65 岁及以上的参与者中收集数据。感知风险分为四个构念：隐私风险、性能风险、法律关注和信任。进行线性回归分析，以确定这些感知风险构念与使用 mHealth 应用程序的意愿之间的关联。
结果
针对每个感知风险因素的线性回归显示，四个构念中的每一个都与老年人使用移动医疗应用程序的意愿显著相关（调整年龄、性别、教育和健康状况）。性能风险（β=-.266；P<0.001）、法律关注（β=-.125；P=.007）和隐私风险（β=-.100；P=.03）与使用 mHealth 应用程序的意愿呈负相关，而信任（β=.352；P<0.001）与使用 mHealth 应用程序的意愿呈正相关。
结论
老年人感知到的性能风险、法律关注和隐私风险可能会大大降低他们使用 mHealth 应用程序的意愿。信任可能会显著且积极地影响这一意愿。医疗保健专业人员、mHealth 应用程序的设计者和政策制定者可以利用这些发现来降低性能风险，并针对法律和隐私问题进行宣传和应用，以促进老年人对 mHealth 的采用，从而增加他们获得医疗保健的机会，特别是在 COVID-19 大流行期间。
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