Elsherif Mahmoud M, Wheeldon Linda Ruth, Frisson Steven
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Department of Foreign Languages and Translation, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2022 Jun;75(6):1021-1040. doi: 10.1177/17470218211046350. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
According to the lexical quality hypothesis, differences in the orthographic, semantic, and phonological representations of words will affect individual reading performance. While several studies have focused on orthographic precision and semantic coherence, few have considered phonological precision. The present study used a suite of individual difference measures to assess which components of lexical quality contributed to competition resolution in a masked priming experiment. The experiment measured form priming for word and pseudoword targets with dense and sparse neighbourhoods in 84 university students. Individual difference measures of language and cognitive skills were also collected and a principal component analysis was used to group these data into components. The data showed that phonological precision and NHD interacted with form priming. In participants with high phonological precision, the direction of priming for word targets with sparse neighbourhoods was facilitatory, while the direction for those with dense neighbourhoods was inhibitory. In contrast, people with low phonological precision showed the opposite pattern, but the interaction was non-significant. These results suggest that the component of phonological precision is linked to lexical competition for word recognition and that access to the mental lexicon during reading is affected by differing levels of phonological processing.
根据词汇质量假说，单词的正字法、语义和语音表征方面的差异会影响个体的阅读表现。虽然有几项研究聚焦于正字法准确性和语义连贯性，但很少有研究考虑语音准确性。本研究使用了一套个体差异测量方法，以评估在一个掩蔽启动实验中，词汇质量的哪些成分有助于竞争解决。该实验测量了84名大学生中，具有密集和稀疏邻域的单词和假词目标的字形启动。还收集了语言和认知技能的个体差异测量数据，并使用主成分分析将这些数据分组为不同成分。数据表明，语音准确性和邻域密度与字形启动存在交互作用。在语音准确性高的参与者中，邻域稀疏的单词目标的启动方向是促进性的，而邻域密集的单词目标的启动方向是抑制性的。相反，语音准确性低的人表现出相反的模式，但这种交互作用不显著。这些结果表明，语音准确性成分与单词识别中的词汇竞争有关，并且阅读过程中对心理词典的访问受到不同水平语音加工的影响。
