Dinh Quang Phan, Novirsa Randy, Jeong Huiho, Nugraha Willy Cahya, Addai-Arhin Sylvester, Viet Pham Hung, Tominaga Nobuaki, Ishibashi Yasuhiro, Arizono Koji
Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto.
VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Vietnam.
J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(9):401-411. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.401.
Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations in marketed cigarettes from South Korea, Vietnam, Japan, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Kingdom (UK), Belgium, Italy, Finland, and France were investigated. The cigarettes from Vietnam and Thailand had the highest trend of Hg. Meanwhile, Cd was found higher in cigarettes from Thailand, the UK, and Belgium. Pb concentrations in cigarettes from Belgium, the UK, and Korea were higher than others. The average of these heavy metals concentrated in cigarettes was in the order of Pb > Cd > Hg. Furthermore, the contents of these heavy metals in cigarette leaves were much higher than in filter and rolling paper. There was a significant positive correlation between Hg and Cd, but no correlation between Cd and Pb and between Hg and Pb. Significant positive correlations of nicotine with Hg and Cd but not Pb in the cigarette were observed. Activated carbon filters (Ce-C) absorb Cd and Pb from cigarette leaves and rolling paper indicated a higher trapping trend than cellulose acetate filter without activated carbon (Ce). The trapping ratios of Ce-C (Cd: 5.53%, Pb:5.41%) were higher than Ce (Cd:3.09%, Pb:5.49%). On the other hand, Hg had lower absorption by both types of filters (Ce:0.15%, Ce-C:0.02%). This revealed that Hg, Cd and Pb absorption ability by both filters was relatively lower to the total concentration of these metals in tobacco leaves and rolling paper. The concern was that the higher concentrations of metals such as Hg, Cd and Pb in cigarettes might exist in mainstream smoke.
对来自韩国、越南、日本、印度尼西亚、台湾、泰国、英国、比利时、意大利、芬兰和法国的市售香烟中的汞（Hg）、镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）浓度进行了调查。越南和泰国的香烟汞含量呈最高趋势。同时，泰国、英国和比利时的香烟中镉含量较高。比利时、英国和韩国香烟中的铅浓度高于其他国家。这些香烟中浓缩的这些重金属的平均含量顺序为Pb＞Cd＞Hg。此外，这些重金属在烟叶中的含量远高于过滤嘴和卷烟纸。Hg与Cd之间存在显著正相关，但Cd与Pb之间以及Hg与Pb之间无相关性。观察到香烟中尼古丁与Hg和Cd呈显著正相关，但与Pb无相关性。活性炭过滤嘴（Ce-C）从烟叶和卷烟纸中吸收Cd和Pb的趋势高于无活性炭的醋酸纤维素过滤嘴（Ce）。Ce-C的截留率（Cd：5.53%，Pb：5.41%）高于Ce（Cd：3.09%，Pb：5.49%）。另一方面，两种过滤嘴对Hg的吸收率都较低（Ce：0.15%，Ce-C：0.02%）。这表明两种过滤嘴对Hg、Cd和Pb的吸收能力相对于烟叶和卷烟纸中这些金属的总浓度较低。令人担忧的是，香烟中较高浓度的Hg、Cd和Pb等金属可能存在于主流烟气中。
