Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Sep 16;191(10):637. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7755-y.
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous metals widely distributed in the environment, resulting in toxic health effects. This project aims to evaluate Pb and Cd as toxic elements in 15 different tobacco cigarette brands produced and/or sold in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia. The concentrations of Pb and Cd in all tobacco brands tested in this study were determined using the air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). On average, the concentrations of Pb and Cd in different tobacco brand samples ranged from 3.05 and 0.80 μg/g dw, respectively. The results indicate that assessment mean values of Pb inhaled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes were in the range of 1.55-3.51 μg. Furthermore, the concentration of Cd inhaled per packet of cigarettes (20 sticks) is estimated to be 0.04-0.36 μg. However, there was a significant difference in the concentrations of Pb and Cd between the different brands of tobacco cigarettes, among cigarette prices (cheap versus expensive) of tobacco brands. In conclusion, cigarette smokers in Selangor, Malaysia, are heavily exposed to Pb and Cd, and such exposure could adversely affect their health in the long term. The impact of toxic heavy metals on smokers in this state would be an area for future research.
镉 (Cd) 和铅 (Pb) 是广泛分布于环境中的金属，会对健康造成毒害影响。本研究旨在评估马来西亚雪兰莪州生产和/或销售的 15 种不同香烟品牌中的 Pb 和 Cd 这两种有毒元素。使用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度计 (AAS) 测定了所有测试烟草品牌中的 Pb 和 Cd 浓度。平均而言，不同烟草品牌样本中 Pb 和 Cd 的浓度分别在 3.05 和 0.80μg/g dw 之间。结果表明，从吸食一包 20 支香烟中吸入的 Pb 的评估均值在 1.55-3.51μg 范围内。此外，每包（20 支）香烟中吸入的 Cd 浓度估计为 0.04-0.36μg。然而，不同烟草品牌之间以及烟草品牌的价格（便宜与昂贵）之间的 Pb 和 Cd 浓度存在显著差异。总之，马来西亚雪兰莪州的香烟吸食者大量接触 Pb 和 Cd，这种接触可能会对他们的健康造成长期的不利影响。未来的研究将关注这些有毒重金属对该州吸烟者的影响。
