Biology Department, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
J Insect Sci. 2021 Sep 1;21(5). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab062.
The invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) is a significant agricultural and urban nuisance pest in many parts of the world. In North America, biological control of H. halys by parasitoid wasps in the families Scelionidae and Eupelmidae has shown promise. An effective technique for detection and monitoring native and exotic parasitoids is the deployment of yellow sticky cards; however, yellow cards also attract nontarget arthropods, reducing efficiency and accuracy of parasitoid screening. This study sought to identify an alternative yet effective trapping technique by comparing the number of target parasitoid wasps [Anastatus spp. Motschulsky (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), Telenomus spp. Haliday (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and Trissolcus spp. Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)] and arthropod bycatch on yellow and blue sticky cards deployed in urban, orchard, and vegetable landscapes in northern Utah from late May to early October in 2019 and 2020. Yellow sticky cards captured 54-72% more target parasitoids than blue cards from June through August in all three landscape types in both years; however, a positive correlation in parasitoid capture indicated blue cards detect target parasitoids, just in fewer numbers. Both card colors detected adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in initial findings of 2019, and in expanded locations of 2020. Furthermore, blue cards captured 31-48% less Diptera and nontarget Hymenoptera than yellow cards in both years across all three landscapes, translating to reduced card processing time and impacts to beneficial insect populations. Our results suggest that blue vs yellow sticky cards offer an alternative monitoring technique to survey for H. halys parasitoids.
入侵性的东方果实蝇（Stål）在世界许多地区都是一种重要的农业和城市害虫。在北美，利用长尾小蜂科和旋小蜂科的寄生蜂对东方果实蝇进行生物防治已显示出前景。使用黄色粘性卡片进行检测和监测本地和外来寄生蜂是一种有效的技术；然而，黄色卡片也会吸引非目标节肢动物，从而降低寄生蜂筛选的效率和准确性。本研究通过比较 2019 年和 2020 年 5 月下旬至 10 月初在犹他州北部城市、果园和蔬菜景观中部署的黄色和蓝色粘性卡片上目标寄生蜂（恩斯特小蜂属（膜翅目：小蜂科）、Telenomus spp. Haliday（膜翅目：长尾小蜂科）和 Trissolcus spp. Ashmead（膜翅目：旋小蜂科））和节肢动物副捕获物的数量，寻求确定一种替代但有效的诱捕技术。黄色粘性卡片在两年中所有三种景观类型的 6 月至 8 月期间比蓝色卡片捕获的目标寄生蜂多 54-72%；然而，寄生蜂捕获的正相关性表明蓝色卡片可以检测到目标寄生蜂，只是数量较少。两种卡片颜色都在 2019 年的初步发现和 2020 年的扩展位置检测到了外来种的三化螟（膜翅目：小蜂科）。此外，在两年的所有三种景观中，蓝色卡片比黄色卡片分别少捕获 31-48%的双翅目和非目标膜翅目昆虫，从而减少了卡片处理时间和对有益昆虫种群的影响。我们的结果表明，蓝色与黄色粘性卡片提供了一种替代监测技术来调查东方果实蝇的寄生蜂。
