van Zyl-Smit R, Feldman C, Richards G, Abdool-Gaffar S, Lalloo U, Kalla I, Koegelenberg C F N, Dheda K
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine and UCT Lung Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med. 2020 Oct 13;26(3). doi: 10.7196/AJTCCM.2020.v26i3.111. eCollection 2020.
Asthmatics do not appear to have increased susceptibility to COVID-19.Uncontrolled severe asthma may be associated with worsened COVID-19 outcomes, especially in asthmatics managed with oral corticosteroids. Risk mitigation measures such as hand hygiene, social distancing and wearing of face masks must be observed at all times. Asthma should be managed as outlined in local and international guidelines.Ensure an adequate supply of medication, and inhaled corticosteroids should not be withdrawnChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with severe COVID-19 disease and poor outcomes. Maintenance of background medication is important to avoid exacerbations of COPD.Vaccination against influenza is strongly advised for all patients with asthma and COPDVaccination against pneumococcal infection is advisable for patients with COPD. Patients with obstructive airway disease on oral corticosteroids and/or with impaired lung function should take stringent safety precautions. This statement will be updated when more data become available Asthma and COPD occur commonly in South Africa. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, which can result in COVID-19-associated severe respiratory infection with respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation. The South African Thoracic Society has prepared a guidance statement to assist clinicians and patients with asthma and COPD during the current epidemic.
哮喘患者似乎对新冠病毒的易感性并未增加。未得到控制的重度哮喘可能与新冠病毒感染的不良后果相关，尤其是在用口服糖皮质激素治疗的哮喘患者中。必须始终遵守诸如手部卫生、社交 distancing 和佩戴口罩等风险缓解措施。哮喘应按照当地和国际指南进行管理。确保有足够的药物供应，且不应停用吸入性糖皮质激素。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）与严重的新冠病毒疾病及不良后果相关。维持基础药物治疗对于避免慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重很重要。强烈建议所有哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者接种流感疫苗。建议慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者接种肺炎球菌感染疫苗。正在接受口服糖皮质激素治疗和/或肺功能受损的气道阻塞性疾病患者应采取严格的安全预防措施。当有更多数据可用时，本声明将予以更新。哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病在南非很常见。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种新型冠状病毒，可导致与新冠病毒相关的严重呼吸道感染，出现呼吸衰竭并需要机械通气。南非胸科学会编写了一份指导声明，以在当前疫情期间协助患有哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床医生和患者。 （注：原文中“social distancing”未翻译完整，可能是“社交距离”的意思，具体需结合上下文准确理解。）
